Abdulsalami Abubakar

Janar Abdulsalam Abubakar shi ne shugaban mulkin soja na takwas a Najeriya (bayan Ironsi, Gowon, Murtala, Obasanjo, Buhari, Babangida da Abacha) tun bayan samun ‘yancin kai daga kasar Birtaniya shekaru da dama suka gabata. Kuma shi ne shugaban ƙasa na 6 daga arewacin kasar a tsarin mulkin soja da suka mulki Najeriya. Yana da sha’awar ci gaba mai dorewa da ƙarfafa matasa, kuma abubuwan da suke burge shi sun haɗa da ƙwallon ƙafa, hockey, squash, tsere da kuma daukar hoto.

Haihuwarsa da karatunsa

An haifi Janar Abdulsalami Abubakar a garin Minna na jihar Neja a ranar 13 ga watan Yunin shekarar 1942. Ya halarci makarantar firamare ta Native Authority Minna tsakanin 1950 zuwa 1956, kafin ya wuce shahararriyar Kwalejin Gwamnati da ke Bida don yin karatunsa na sakandare. Daga nan ya ci gaba da karatunsa na gaba da sakandare, a Kwalejin Fasaha ta Kaduna a cikin shekarar 1963.

Shigar Abdulsalami aikin soja

Abdulsalami ya shiga aikin sojan saman Najeriya a ranar 3 ga Oktoba, 1963 a matsayin Officer Cadet. A watan Yuni 1964, ya tafi zuwa Jamus domin daukar horo a makarantar koyon tuƙin jirgin sama. Lokacin da ya dawo Najeriya a 1966, ya sauya sheka zuwa rundunar sojan ƙasa ta Najeriya.

A watan Oktoban 1967, Abubakar ya samu naɗin muƙami na biyu, laftanar a rundunar sojojin Najeriya. Daga 1967 zuwa 1968, Abubakar ya kasance babban hafsa na biyu, kuma kwamandan bataliya ta 92 daga 1969 zuwa 1974. A tsakanin shekarun 1974 zuwa 1975, ya zama birgediya Manjo, na rundunar Brigade ta bakwai (Seven Brigade). A shekarar 1975 ya yi aiki a matsayin kwamandan bataliya ta 84. A cikin shekarun 1978-1979, Abubakar ya kasance babban kwamandan bataliya ta 145 (NIBATT II), Rundunar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a Lebanon.

A shekarar 1979 ya zama mataimakin Adjutant General 3rd Infantry division, Nigeria. Daga shekarar 1980 zuwa 1982, Abubakar ya kasance babban malami a makarantar horas da sojoji ta Najeriya. A shekarar 1982 aka naɗa shi Kanal of Administration and quartering, 1st mechanized division. Mukamin da ya rike har zuwa 1984. Daga 1985 zuwa 1986, Abubakar shi ne kwamandan 3rd Mechanized Brigade. Abubakar ya zama babban hafsa kwamandan 1st mechanized division a shekarar 1990-1991. Tsakanin 1991 zuwa 1993, ya kasance a matsayin babban hafsan tsare-tsare da siyasa na hedkwatar tsaro. Daga 1997 zuwa 1998, Janar Sani Abacha  ya naɗa Abubakar a matsayin babban hafsan tsaron kasa.

Abubakar a matsayin shugaban kasa

Bayan rasuwar Abacha a ranar 8 ga watan Yunin 1998, an naɗa Abubakar a matsayin shugaban ƙasa na soja kuma kwamandan rundunar soji ta Tarayyar Najeriya. Rahotanni sun nuna cewa tun farko ya ƙi karbar wannan muƙamin, amma an rantsar da shi a ranar 9 ga watan Yunin 1998. Ya ayyana zaman makoki na ƙasa na tsawon mako guda.

Bayan ‘yan kwanaki zanga-zangar zagayowar ranar 12 ga watan Yuni ta sake kunno kai, kuma kamar yadda aka zata, sojojin Najeriya sun mayar da martani da karfi tare da kama masu zanga-zangar. Bayan kwana ɗaya aka sake su. Haka kuma an tattauna a Abuja babban birnin Najeriya cewa za a saki Abiola a bar shi ya jagoranci sabuwar gwamnati da za a kafa. Abubakar ya gana da magoya bayan Abiola da wakilan wasu kungiyoyin da suka yi kira da a dawo da tsarin mulkin dimokradiyya, inda suka tattauna yiwuwar miƙa mulki. An ruwaito cewa Abubakar na fatan ganin ba za a yi wa jami’an sojan Najeriya bita da kulli ba daga sabuwar gwamnati da ta ƙudiri aniyar ɗaukar fansa kan kurakuran da aka yi a shekaru biyar da suka gabata.

Wani abin al’ajabi kuma ya zo ne ƙasa da wata guda da hawansa mulki, inda a ranar 7 ga watan Yuli Abiola ya faɗi a gidan yari. Aka kai shi asibiti ya rasu washegari. Rashin tabbataccen musabbabin mutuwar haɗe da rashin ingantattun kafafen yaɗa labarai, sun taimaka nan da nan aka yi zargin kashe Abiola aka yi, sai tarzoma a wasu garuruwan Najeriya ta ɓarke. Abubakar ya bai wa mutane da yawa mamaki inda ya bayyana cewa za a gudanar da bincike mai zaman kansa; Kungiyar masu binciken ƙasa da ƙasa su suka gudanar da binciken kuma ba su sami wata shaida ba game da zargin da ake na cewa kashe mamacin aka yi, sun bayyana cewa Abiola ya mutu ne sakamakon bugun zuciya.

Dawo da mulkin siyasa

Kwanaki ƙalilan bayan hawansa mulki, Abubakar ya yi alƙawarin gudanar da zaɓe cikin shekara guda tare da miƙa mulki ga zaɓaɓɓen shugaban kasa. Ya kafa hukumar zaɓe mai zaman kanta ta ƙasa (INEC), inda ya naɗa tsohon mai shari’a Ephraim Akpata a matsayin shugaba.

Hukumar zabe ta INEC ta fara gudanar da zabuka daban-daban na ƙananan hukumomi a watan Disambar 1998, sannan na majalisun jihohi da na gwamnoni da na majalisun ƙasa sannan kuma na shugaban ƙasa a ranar 27 ga Fabrairun 1999. Duk da cewa an yi ƙoƙarin ganin an gudanar da zaɓen cikin gaskiya da adalci, amma akwai rashin bin wasu ƙa’idoji da ya jawo suka daga masu sa ido na ƙasashen waje. A watan Mayun 1999 Janar Abubakar ya mika mulki ga zababben shugaban farar hula, Olusegun Obasanjo, ya yi ritaya daga aikin soja.

Rayuwarsa bayan barin mulki

Tun bayan da ya bar mulki a shekarar 1999, ya tsunduma cikin ayyuka daban-daban na ƙasa da ƙasa kamar:

• Shugaban kungiyar sa ido kan zaɓen ‘yan majalisar dokokin Zimbabwe
• Wakilin Sakatare-Janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo;
• Jagoran tawagar cibiyar Carter don sa ido kan zaɓukan ƙasar Zambia
• Shugaban Kungiyar Binciken Dabaru da Zaman Lafiya ta Afirka
• Mai Gudanarwa/Mai shiga tsakani na ECOWAS na Tattaunawar Zaman Lafiya ta Laberiya,
• Wakilin Musamman na Shugaban Tarayyar Afirka a Chadi da Sudan
• Wakilin musamman na Sakatare-Janar na Commonwealth a Jamhuriyar Gambia;
• Wakilin Sakatare-Janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a Jamhuriyar Gambia
• Memba na kwamitin aiwatar da babban matakin aiwatarwa na Tarayyar Afirka kan Sudan (AUHIP)
• Babban mai shiga tsakani na ECOWAS kan rikicin Nijar
• Wakilin Tarayyar Afirka kan Tattaunawar Sudan.

Lambobin yabo da karramawa

Ya samu lambobin yabo da girmamawa a aikace-aikacen da ya yi a gida da waje waɗanda suka  haɗa da:

• Forces Service Star (FSS)
• Meritorious Service Star (MSS)
• Distinguished Service Star (DSS)
• Grand Commander of the Federal Republic (GCFR)
• Companion of the Star of Ghana, Medal of Grand Officer France
• Grand Order of Monor of Togo
• National Distinction in the Order of the Pioneers of the Republic of Liberia
• Grand Maitre des Ordres Nationaux of the Republic of Niger (GRAND CROIX)
• ECOWAS International Gold Award
• The Peace Prize Award by Rainbow Push Coalition USA
• The National Distinction in the Order of Pioneers of the Republic of Liberia
• Golden Image Award of Liberia
• Outstanding Leadership Qualities Award by MABDEC, USA
• First Lecture Series instituted by the Chicago State University, USA in his honour
• Honorary Doctorate Degrees.

Manazarta

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. (2005, April 22). Abdusalam Abubakar | Military leader, politician, diplomat. Encyclopedia Britannica.

Facts for Kids (n.d.) Abdulsalami Abubakar  Facts for Kids.

Encyclopedia (n.d.) Abubakar, Abdulsalami 1942– | Encyclopedia.com. (n.d.).

PAMO University of Medical Sciences Gen. Abdulsalami Abubakar, GCFR  (n.d.). PAMO University of Medical Sciences.