Abubakar Imam

• March 29, 2024

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Aubakar Imam ba baƙon suna ba ne a wurin mafi yawancin mutanen Arewacin Nijeriya. Dangane da adabin Hausa da adabin Arewacin Nijeriya, Alhaji Abubakar Imam na ɗaya daga cikin manyan marubutan da rubuce-rubucensu suka yi nuni da al’adun Arewa kuma ake alfahari da su.

Don fahimtarsa, mutum na buƙatar karanta ko wane shafi masu ban sha’awa na littattafansa don gane wa kansa wane ne Alhaji Abubakar Imam. Malami ne, mai kishin ganin al’ummarsa sun sami ilimi. Alhaji Abubakar Imam marubucin Hausa ne wanda ya wallafa littattafan Hausa da dama, cikinsu akwai irinsu Magana Jari Ce, Ruwan Bagaja da sauransu. Marubucin ya samu shahara a Duniyar Nazarin Harshen Hausa. Ya zamo edita na farko a gidan jaridar Arewa, wato Gaskiya Ta Fi Kwabo, har ta kai ga yanzu haka a na nazarin wallafe-wallafen da ya yi a manya da ƙananan makarantu a Nijeriya. Abubakar Imam shine marubucin littattafan Hausa na farko-farko a karni na 20.

Abubakar Imam na da shekara 22 ya rubuta littafin ‘RuwanBagaja’. Ganin ƙwazonsa wajen ƙaga labari mai ma’ana yasa Dr. R.M. East, shugaban Offishin Talifi na Zariya ya roƙi a ba da shi aro daga Katsina yayi aikin rubuce rubuce a Zariya.

Haihuwarsa

An haifi Alhaji Dr. Abubakar Imam, O.B.E; C.O.N.; LL.D (Hon.) N.N.M.C. ne a ranar 1 ga watan Fabarairu na shekarar 1911 a cikin garin Kagara sa’annan tana cikin Iardin Kwantagora, kafin ta dawo cikin Jihar Neja a yanzu. Sunan mahaifinsa malam shehu Usman, ɗan malam Muhammad Badamasi, wanda shi ne hakimin nufawa, na birnin Sokoto a wancan loto.

Tasowarsa da karatunsa

Abubakar Imam ya yi makarantar horarwa wato Katsina Training College, kuma ya kama aikin malanta a Makarantar Midil ta Katsina a shekarar 1932. Sannan ya yi karatu a tsangayar ilimi ta jami’ar Landan da ke Birtaniya.

Bayan da ya kammala karatunsa, ya yi koyarwa a Katsina sannan kuma ya yi aiki matsayin edita na jaridar nan ta Gaskiya Ta Fi Kwabo kana ya tallafawa masarautar Katsina ta wancan lokacin ƙarƙashin shugabancin Alhaji Muhammadu Dikko inda ya ke fassara rubuce-rubuce daga Larabaci zuwa harshe Hausa.

Ayyukansa

Alhaji Abubakar Imam ya yi fice ne lokacin da aka sanya wata gasa ta rubutun ƙagaggun labarai a shekara ta 1933 inda littafin da ya rubuta mai suna Ruwan Bagaja ya yi nasara a cikin litattafan da aka rubuta. Wannan aiki nasa ne ya mamaye zuciyar Rupert East, wanda shi ne alƙali a gasar rubuce-rubucen. Littafin Ruwan Bagaja wani babban littafi ne wanda ke tafe da wani jarumin da ya yi tattaki domin neman ruwan magani. Har ila yau, labarin ya ƙunshi abubuwan ban mamaki na jarumin yayin da ya ke neman wannan ruwa.

Rupert East ya nuna sha’awarsa ga irin wannan ingantaccen aikin fasaha, domin an haɗa shi da ma’anar al’adun gargajiya, kuma an yi masa alama da fasaha. Su biyun daga ƙarshe sun yi aiki tare don ɗaukaka littafin.

Littafin ya ɗauki hankulan mutane da dama, kuma ya ɗaukaka matsayin Imam a fagen adabi. Daga baya, ya bar aikinsa na koyarwa ya yi aiki a Ofishin Fassara, inda ya rubuta littafinsa na biyu, Magana Jari Ce.

Magana Jari Ce littafi ne da ke ɗauke da labarin wani hamshaƙin sarki mai arziƙi wanda ba shi da magaji. Bayan wasu tsinkaya, a ƙarshe dai ya sami magaji.

Ganin ƙwazonsa wajen ƙago labari mai ma’ana ne ya sa Dr. R.M. East, shugaban Ofishin Ta’alifi na Zariya, ya roƙi a bada shi aro daga Katsina ya yi aikin rubuce-rubuce a Zariya. A zamansa na Zariya ne Abubakar Imam ya wallafa littafin gajerun ƙagaggun labarai na Magana Jari Ce (1-3), Ikon Allah (1-5) da Tafiya Mabuɗin Ilimi. A wannan lokacin Nothern Privinces Newsheet ne kamfani na farko da ke buga rubutun ajami a ƙasar Hausa, wanda aka kafa a Kano. Daga baya kuma aka kafa Nothern Nigeria Publishing Company (NNPC) wadanda suke wallafa litattafai a cikin Harshen Hausa.

Bayan ya koma Katsina ne aka sake bin shi da roƙon ya ƙara rubuta wasu littattafan. A can ya rubuta Ƙaramin Sani Ƙuƙumi’ a cikin shekarar 1937. A cikin shekara 1938 sai Gwamnan Kaduna ya roƙi a dawo da Dokta Imam Zariya a koya mishi aikin edita, ya zama editan jaridar farko ta Arewa. Shi ne ma ya raɗa mata suna ‘Gaskiya Ta Fi Kwabo’ aka fara bugawa a watan Janairu na shekara 1939.

Abubakar Imam ya yi shekara 12 yana wannan aiki na edita har ma ya rubuta wani littafi a lokacin yaƙin duniya na biyu da ya sa wa suna ‘Tafiya Mabuɗin Ilmi’. Wannan littafi ya ba da labarin tafiyarsa ne tare da wasu editoci na jaridun Afrika ta Yamma zuwa ƙasar Ingila a jirgin ruwa a shekarar 1943.

Wani ƙasaitaccen littafi kuma da ya rubutashi ne ‘Tarihin Annabi da na Halifofi’ wanda aka fara buga shi a shekara 1957 lokacin nan yana shugaban Hukumar ‘Daukar Ma’aikata ta Najeriya ta Arewa.

Aihaji Dr. Abubakar Imam shi aka fara naɗawa Kwamishinan jin ƙararakin Jama’a a shekarar 1974 a Jihar Kaduna, lokacin ana kiranta Arewa ta Tsakiya.

Jerin Littattafan Alhaji Abubakar Imam ya rubuta:

• Ruwan Bagaja
• Magana Jari Ce na I
• Magana Jari Ce na I
• Magana Jari Ce na III
• Tafiya Mabuɗin Ilmi
• Ƙaramin Sani Ƙuƙumi na I
• Ƙaramin Sani (uƙumi na II
• Ikon Allah Part I – Dr. East da Imam
• Ikon Allah Part II – Dr. East da Imam
• Tahirin Annabi Kammalalle
• Sayyidina Abubakar (R. A)
• Tahirin Muslunci
• Hajj Mabudin Ilmi
• Tambaya Goma Amsa Goma
• Auren Zobe.

Gwagwarmayarsa

A shekara ta 1939, Alhaji Abubakar Imam ya zama editan jaridar Gaskiya Ta Fi Kwabo mallakin gwamnatin Nijeriya.

Ita ce fitacciyar jaridar Hausa ta farko da ta fara wanzuwa. Bugu da ƙari, Imam ya ziyarci ƙasar Ingila a shekara ta 1943 a matsayin wakilin ‘yan jarida na yammacin Afirka.

A lokacin da yake wannan tafiya, ya roƙi gwamnati da ta kawo kayan aiki zuwa makarantun al’ummar Hausawan Arewacin Nijeriya. A cikin 1945, tare da Rupert East da wasu ire-irensu, sun shirya hanya don ƙirƙirar Kamfanin Gaskia. Kamfanin Gaskia ya zama gidan buga littattafai ga marubutan arewacin Nijeriya.

Saboda cancanta da iyawar Abubakar Imam ne ya sa aka ba shi shugaban sashen litattafai, wanda hakan ya ba shi muƙamin babban aiki, muƙamin da aka keɓe ga sarakunan mulkin mallaka kaɗai. Abubakar Imam ƙwararren marubuci ne wanda rubuce-rubucensa suka yi daɗi cikin bajintar Hausa da Ingilishi da Larabci.

Saboda tsayin dakarsa ga koyarwar Musulunci da yaɗa maganganunsa, mutane suka zaɓe shi gaba ɗaya ya zama muryarsu a Majalisar Wakilai ta 1951.

Bajintar tasa ce ta sa fitaccen mawaƙin Hausa kuma ɗan gwagwarmaya, Sa’ad Zungur ke yi masa laƙabi da “Plot of Northern Nigeria”.

Siyasa

Yawancin marubutan Arewa su ma sun yi tasiri a siyasarsa. Nan da nan bayan kafa jam’iyyar People’s Congress (NPC), tare da tawagar Umaru Agaie da irin su Nuhu Bamali, suka kafa cibiyar gudanarwa na jam’iyyar.

Jim kaɗan bayan wasu shekaru na ci gaba a majalisar, Imam ya bar siyasa don ya shagaltu da ci gaban aikin gwamnati da tura adabin Arewacin Nijeriya zuwa ga ƙololuwa ta hanyar tallafa masa.

A yayin da ya ci gaba da kare martabarsa, Alhaji Abubakar Imam ya zama jami’in ma’aikatan gwamnati a yankin Arewa daga 1958-1966 a lokacin yaƙin basasar Nijeriya.

Malam Abubakar Imam mutum ne na mutane, kowa nashi ne. Wannan hali nasa ne ma ya sa ya zamo aboki ga masu mulki da dama. Wani abun burgewa da Abubakar Imam shi ne, baya jin ko ɗar don ya tsinci kansa a tsakiyar attajirai da masu mulki, kamar yadda baya jin ko ƙyas don ya tsinci kansa tsakiyar talakawa.

Yawancin lokutan Abubakar Imam sun tafi ne wajen karatu, rubutu da kuma koyarwa tare da yaɗa ilimin zamani da na addini.

Kafin rasuwarsa, Abubakar Imam yana jin yaruka da dama. Daga ciki akwai, Turanci, Hausa,

Larabci, da kuma Pidgin.

Nasarorinsa

Duba ga irin gudunmuwa da ya bayar ga Talifi da Aikin Jarida, Masarautar Birtaniya ta girmama Alhaji Abubakar Imam da lambar girma ta O.B.E, wato Order of British Empire. Daga bisani kuma gwamnatin Nijeriya ta girmama shi da tata lambar makamanciyar O.B.E, wato C.O.N. Gwamnatin Jihar Kano kuma ta sanya sunansa a Babban Asibitin Kula da ma su Yoyon Fitsari, wato Abubakar Imam Urology Hospital, da ke Birnin Kano.

Abubakar Imam malami ne da ya yi fice a cikin mutanen zamaninsa don kawai sadaukarwar da ya yi ga bil’adama. Domin ya fahimci ƙa’idojin addininsa, shi ma yana ƙoƙarin miƙa wa ɗalibansa.

A yau ya zama fitaccen marubucin adabi, malami kuma ɗan siyasa wanda da yawa daga cikin ’yan Arewan Nijeriya ke matuƙar godiya da irin ƙoƙarin da yake yi na samar da Arewacin Nijeriya.

Abubakar Imam shi ne wanda ya fara kafa makarantar Islamiyya ta farko a lardin Arewa shi da Alhaji Shafi’i da Alhaji Haladu Binji, inda suka sa mata suna Nurul Huda

Shi ne kuma mutum na ƙarshe da Gwamna Lugga ya aika wa da wasiƙa, kwana biyu kafin ya rasu.

Rasuwarsa

Jim kaɗan bayan yaqin basasar da ba za a manta da shi ba wanda ya kusa wargaje Nijeriya, Abubakar Imam ya yi rashin lafiya. Ya yi jinyar rashin lafiyarsa har zuwa 1981 lokacin da ya miqa wuya ga mutuwa. Ya rasu ne a Zariya inda ya fi yin rayuwarsa.

Abubakar Imam ya rasu ne a ranar Juma’a 19 ga watan Yuni, 1981. Ya rasu yana da shekara 70 a duniya.

Kammalawa

Abubakar Imam ya kasance mai himma da kishin ganin ingantacciyar al’ummar Arewacin Nijeriya ta samu ilimin da zai zama tsarin yau da kullum. Fiye da haka, shi mutum ne mai kyakkyawar fahimta kuma yana da masaniya game da yadda mutane da yawa suka kwatanta shi. Alhaji Abubakar Imam yana sahun gaba a manyan taurarin adabin Hausa Kuma wanda har ila yau ba shi da tamka a fannin ƙaga labarai. Marigayi Abubakar Imam na daga cikin marubutan da ɗalibai a matakai daban-daban ke yin nazari kan littafan da suka rubuta da ma nazari kan rayuwarsu.

Manazarta

1. Abubakar Imam, Magana Jari Ce 1

2. https://dailytrust.com/abubakar-imam-forty-years-after/

3. Abubakar Imam Memoirs, NNPC 1989. ISBN: 978-169-307-1 Soft cover, 978-169-308-8 Hard cover

4. Furniss, Graham. (1996). Poetry, prose and popular culture in Hausa. International African Institute. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press for the International African Institute. ISBN 978-1-4744-6829-9. OCLC 648578425.

5. https://manhaja.blueprint.ng/tarihin-shahararren-marabucin-%C6%99asar-hausa-alhaji-abubakar-imam/

6. Salisu, Ahmed (1 September 2014). “Tarihin Alhaji Abubakar Imam”. DW Hausa.

7. https://taskarkasarhausa.blogspot.com/p/dr-abubakar-imam.html?m=1

8. Abba Musa (2009-02-15). “ABB MUSA: Gundarin Tarihin Alhaji Dr. Abubakar Imam Kagara”. abbamusa.wordpress.com. Archived from the original on 2012-07-24.

9. https://www.dw.com/ha/tarihin-alhaji-abubakar-imam/a-17889476

10. Bashir Ahmad (2011-07-13). “DANDALIN BASHIR AHMAD: Takaitaccen Tarihin Dr. Abubakar Imam”. Dandalinbashir.blogspot.com.

11. http://gumel.com/hausa/littattafai/abubakar-Imam.htm

12.https://ha.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abubakar_Imam

13. Mahdi M. Muhammad, Tarihin shahararren marabucin Ƙasar Hausa, Alhaji Abubakar Imam, Blueprint Newspapers – Hausa

Manhaja – Blueprint Hausa, June 20, 2023

14. DW

https://p.dw.com/p/1D3rw

Tarihin Alhaji Abubakar Imam

09/01/2014September 1, 2014

15. Wata tattaunawa da Adamu Salihu ya yi da Abubakar Imam a ranar 19, Agusta, 1965, cikin shirin taurarin Nijeriya ta Arewa, kamfanin watsa labarai na arewa(Radio Television Kaduna)