Netanyahu ya shiga rundunar sojin Isra’ila a shekarar 1967, inda daga baya ya shiga rundunar musamman da ta ceto jirgin sama da aka sace a filin jirgin Tel Aviv a shekarar 1972. Netanyahu ya zama shugaban jam’iyyar dama ta Likud a shekarar 1993, sannan ya ci gaba da zama Firaminista na tsawon lokaci. Bayan zaɓen da aka yi na gardama a shekarar 2019, an tuhume shi da laifukan cin hanci, almundahana da cin amanar kasa.
Haihuwarsa da tashinsa
An haifi Benjamin Netanyahu a ranar 21 ga Oktoba, 1949, a Tel Aviv, Isra’ila, ya taso a birnin Jerusalem. Ya yi yawancin samartakarsa a yankin Philadelphia ta Amurka, inda mahaifinsa Benzion Netanyahu, wani mashahurin masanin tarihin Yahudawa, ya yi aiki a matsayin farfesa.
A shekarar 1967, ya koma Isra’ila don yin aiki da runduna ta musamman ta sojojin Isra’ila, inda ya yi aiki a wasu manyan sansanonin soja, ciki har da ceton jirgin fasinja na Sabena da aka sace a 1972. Wannan aikin da aka raɗawa suna “Operation Isotope” an jagorance shi ne da Ehud Barak, wanda daga baya ya zama Firaminista.
Ayyukan Diflomasiyya
Daga baya Netanyahu ya koma Amurka inda ya samu digiri a fannin gine-gine da kuma gudanar da kasuwanci daga jami’ar MIT. A shekarar 1976, ya fara aiki da kamfanin Boston Consulting Group, amma ya koma Isra’ila bayan rasuwar babban yayansa Yoni, wanda ya mutu yayin ƙoƙarin ceto mutane daga jirgin Air France da aka sace a Uganda.
Daga nan ne Netanyahu ya shiga harkokin yaƙi da ta’addanci na duniya, wanda hakan ya fara ɗaukaka sunansa a siyasa. Ya yi aiki a ofishin jakadancin Isra’ila da ke Washington D.C. daga 1982 zuwa 1984, sannan daga 1984 zuwa 1988 ya zama jakadan Isra’ila a Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya. A lokacinsa, ya jagoranci wani yunƙuri na buɗe bayanan Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya dangane da laifukan yaƙi na Nazi.
Nasarorinsa a siyasa
A shekarar 1988, an zaɓe shi a matsayin ɗan majalisar dokoki ta Knesset a ƙarƙashin jam’iyyar Likud. Ya rike matsayin ƙaramin minista a ma’aikatar harkokin wajen. Bayan shekaru biyar, ya zama shugaban jam’iyyar Likud kuma ɗan takararta na Firayim Minista. A shekarar 1996, ya lashe zaɓe inda ya doke Shimon Peres na jam’iyyar Labour. Ya riƙe muƙamin Firaminista har zuwa shekarar 1999, inda ya rattaɓa hannu kan yarjejeniyar Hebron da Wye, waɗanda suka inganta zaman lafiya da Falasɗinawa. Ya kuma jagoranci sassauta harkokin gwamnati da sassautawa kan kuɗaɗe da tsarin musayar kuɗin waje.
Bayan ya fice daga siyasa, ya shiga harkar kasuwanci, sannan ya dawo a shekarar 2002 a matsayin ministan harkokin waje, sannan daga baya ministan kuɗi.
A ranar 31 ga Maris, 2009, Netanyahu ya koma kujerar Firaminista, inda ya kafa gwamnatin haɗaka. A wani jawabi da ya yi a jami’ar Bar-Ilan, ya ce: “Na faɗa wa Shugaba Obama a Washington, idan aka tabbatar da ƙwace makaman yaƙi daga Falasɗinawa, kuma suka amince da Isra’ila a matsayin ƙasar Yahudawa, to muna shirye mu amince da yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya ta gaskiya.”
Saɓaninsa da Amurka a kan Nukiliyar Iran
A watan Nuwamba 2013, Netanyahu ya nuna adawa da yarjejeniyar da Amurka da Iran suka cimma kan shirin nukiliyarta, inda aka sassauta ƙaƙaba takunkumi a kan Iran. Netanyahu ya bayyana yarjejeniyar a matsayin babban kuskure a tarihi.
A shekarar 2014, rikici ya kunno kai tsakanin Hamas da Isra’ila bayan kashe matasa uku. Isra’ila ta kai hari a Gaza tare da kisan fararen hula da ya jawo suka daga ƙasashen duniya. A watan Disambar wannan shekarar, Netanyahu ya kori ministocinsa biyu saboda suka da suka yi masa, sannan ya rushe majalisar domin a sake zaɓe a watan Maris 2015.
Sake zaɓensa da rikicin da biyo baya
A watan Maris na shekarar 2015, Netanyahu ya sake lashe zaɓen da ya fafata da Isaac Herzog. Jam’iyyarsa ta Likud ta samu kujeru 30 a majalisa. Amma an soki wasu kalamansa da aka ɗauka a matsayin ɓatanci ga Larabawa, inda daga baya ya ba da hakuri.
Batun ƙasar Falasɗinu
A ranar 6 ga Disamba, 2017, shugaban Amurka Donald Trump ya sanar da cewa gwamnati ta amince da Jerusalem a matsayin babban birnin Isra’ila, wanda ya jawo suka daga Falasɗinawa da ƙasashen duniya, amma Isra’ila ta yaba wa matakin. A watan Janairu 2018, majalisar Isra’ila ta kafa doka da ke buƙatar ƙuri’a mai rinjaye kafin a ba da wani ɓangare na Jerusalem don zaman lafiya.
A Janairu 2020, Netanyahu ya tsaya tare da Trump a Washington yayin da Trump ya gabatar da shirin ƙasashen biyu, wanda ya ba da damar mamaye yankunan Yammacin Kogin Jordan da kafa babban birnin Falasɗinawa a Gabashin Jerusalem. Netanyahu ya kira wannan shiri da kudirin zaman lafiya.
Bincike da zanga-zanga
A watan Agusta 2017, an bayyana cewa Netanyahu na fuskantar tuhuma kan laifin cin hanci, almundahana da cin amanar ƙasa. Ɗaya daga cikin tuhume-tuhumen na danganta shi da karɓar kyaututtuka daga ‘yan kasuwa, yayin da wata ke zargin shi da matsin lamba ga wata jarida don bayar da rahotannin kirki a kansa.
Jam’iyyar Likud ta ƙirƙiro dokar ba da shawara, wadda ke taƙaita bayyanar bayanai yayin bincike. Wannan ya jawo zanga-zangar mutane 20,000 a Tel Aviv. Netanyahu daga baya ya umarci magoya bayansa su sake tsara dokar. A ranar 13 ga Fabrairu, 2018, ‘yan sanda suka bayyana cewa akwai isassun hujjoji da za a gurfanar da Netanyahu. Amma sai ya bayyana a talabijin yana cewa zai ci gaba da shugabanci, kuma waɗannan zarge-zarge za su ƙare da komai ba.” A shekara guda daga baya, Babban Lauya Avichai Mandelblit ya bayyana shirin gurfanar da shi.
Zaɓen shekarun 2019 da 2020
Yayin da ake shirin gurfanar da shi, Netanyahu ya fuskanci ƙalubale daga tsohon shugaban sojoji Benny Gantz. A zaɓen watan Afrilu 10, 2019, Gantz ya amince da kayin da aka yi masa, amma Netanyahu bai iya kafa gwamnatin haɗaka ba, wanda ya kai ga sake zaɓe.
Zaɓen na biyu da aka gudanar a watan Satumba ya haifar da matsakaicin rinjaye ga Blue da suka samu kujeru (33) yayin da Likud suka samu (32). Kasancewar duka’yan takarar sun gaza kafa gwamnati, hakan ya janyo aka sake shirya zaɓe karo na uku.
A zaɓen watan Maris 2020, Likud ba ta samu rinjaye ba. Majalisar ta amince da Gantz ya kafa gwamnati, amma annobar korona ta kawo tangarɗa a tattaunawa da jam’iyyar Likud.
Tuhuma da gurfanarwa
A ranar 21 ga Nuwamba, 2019, babban lauyan Isra’ila ya gurfanar da Netanyahu bisa zargin cin hanci da almundahana. Sai dai ya yi watsi da zarge-zargen yana cewa, ɗaukar fansa ce. A watan Janairu 2020, aka tabbatar da gurfanar da shi.
Rayuwarsa ta ƙashin kansa
Netanyahu yana da mata mai suna Sara, likitar ƙwaƙwalwar ce ga yara. Suna da ‘ya’ya biyu: Yair da Avner. Yana da wata ‘ya mace Noa daga tsohuwar matar sa da suka rabu a shekarar 1978.
Rubuce-rubucensa
Netanyahu ya rubuta tare da gyara littafai da dama, musamman kan ta’addanci. Daga cikin rubuce-rubucen nasa akwa:
- Self-Portrait of a Hero: The Letters of Jonathan Netanyahu (1963–76)
- International Terrorism: Challenge and Response (1979)
- Terrorism: How the West Can Win (1987)
- A Place Among the Nations: Israel and the World (1992)
- Fighting Terrorism: How Democracies Can Defeat Domestic and International Terrorism (1996)
Wasu daga cikin zantukansa
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“Ba wanda ya san abin da ke jiran Yahudawa a ƙarni na 21, amma dole ne mu yi iya ƙoƙarinmu don tabbatar da cewa abin da zai same su ya fi abin da ya same su nagarta a ƙarni na 20, ƙarnin da aka fuskanci yawaitar kashe-kashe.”
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“Idan Larabawa suka ajiye makamansu yau, za a daina tashin hankali. Amma idan Yahudawa suka ajiye makamansu yau, babu sauran Isra’ila.”
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“Ana samun zaman lafiya ne ta hanyar ƙarfi, ba ta hanyar rauni ko janyewa kai tsaye ba.”
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“Idan aka zo batun Iran da ISIS, abokin gaban abokinka maƙiyinka ne!”
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“Za ka iya yin zaman lafiya da maƙiyi idan ya daina tunanin hallaka ka. Wannan ne gwaji mafi muhimmanci.”
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“Yaƙin Gaza zai iya ƙarewa gobe idan Hamas ta miƙa wuya, ta ajiye makamanta, ta sako dukkan mutanen da take riƙe da su. Amma idan ba su yi haka ba, Isra’ila za ta ci gaba da yaƙi har sai mun rushe ƙarfin sojin Hamas… Wannan shi ke nufin cikakkiyar nasara.”
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“Ya kamata Gaza ta sami shugabanci na farar hula da Falasɗinawa masu son zaman lafiya su jagoranta – ba waɗanda ke son halaka Isra’ila ba.”
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“Mutane da dama sun ɗauka cewa zaman lafiya tsakanin Isra’ila da Falasɗinawa na iya buɗe ƙofofin dangantaka tsakanin Isra’ila da duniyar Larabawa… Kuma irin wannan dangantaka na iya taimakawa wajen samar da zaman lafiya na haƙiƙa.”
Manazarta
Berg, R. (2024, November 21). Benjamin Netanyahu, Israel’s controversial leader. BBC News.
Britannica Kids. (n.d.) Benjamin Netanyahu. Britannica Kids.
Contributors to Wikimedia projects. (2025, June 23). Benjamin Netanyahu. Wikiquote.
EBSCO. (n.d.). Benjamin Netanyahu EBSCO Information Services, Inc. | www.ebsco.com.
Editors. (2023, October 11). Benjamin Netanyahu. Biography.
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