Damina na nufin wani lokaci ne a kowacce shekara inda ruwan sama ke sauka a daga sama a wasu watanni. A wasu sassan na Afrika ana fara tsammanin damina daga wata na huɗu ko biyar na kowacce shekara a wannan lokaci ne manoma suka fi yin noma wato noman hatsi da dai sauransu.
Lokacin damina lokaci ne mai matuƙar muhimmanci ga duk wani manomi, wanda za ka ga tun kafin shigowar lokacin suke tanadar abubuwa da dama domin gyaran gonakinsu da kuma sayan abubuwan da za su shuka. Wasu kuma da ma sun tanade su a rumbu shekara guda. Babban muhimmancin damina ya shafi duk wani ɗan’adam a doran ƙasa, domin da ita ne ake samar da duk wani nau’in abinci da ya danganci noma cikin sauƙi.
Ire-iren abubuwan da ake shukawa lokacin damina.
Ana shuka abubuwa da dama a lokacin damina wanda suka haɗar da:
- Dawa
- Masara
- Gero
- Maiwa
- Wake
- Kantu/Riɗi
- Shinkafa
Watannin da aka fi yin ruwa
Lokuta da dama yanayin kan bambanta, sai dai kuma hassashe ya tabbatar da yadda aka fi yawaitar yin ruwa a lokutan watan bakwai da takwas da kuma tara. Wato watan Yuli da Agusta da kuma Satumba. Waɗanda watanni su ne aka fi yin ruwa sosai sai dai kuma wani hasasahe kan ba da tabbacin an fi yin ruwa a watan takwas da kuma tara.
Watan Takwas
Shi ne watan da ake kira da watan Agusta, wata ne da ake yawan yin ruwa kuma ruwan da ake kira da marka-marka. Shi dai wannan ruwa yana da matuƙar naci wanda bai cika zuba da yawa ba sai dai yaf-yaf. A zamanin baya yara har waƙa suke yi masa suna cewa: “Marka-marka cire rama, iya ta dafa kai da kunnuwa”
Manya masu shekaru kuma za ka ji suna kiran yanayin da cewa, “Ɗaka cullum-waje-cullum!”
Wato gida ba a tanadi abinci ba, waje kuma an fita amma ruwa ya hana a samu. A irin wannan yanayin na watan bakwai an fi samun zubewar katanga saboda yadda ruwan yake zuba a hankali hana ratsa su. Wasu lokutan kuma idan aka gama ruwan rana kan take ta buɗe baki ɗaya, wanda masana suka bayar da tabbacin irin wannan ranar tana tsaga katanga.
Watan Satumba
Watan tara wata ne da ake yin ruwa na yin ban iska, wato a yi yau a tsagaita. Duk da cewa a farkon watan akan samu yawaitar ruwa amma idan ya yi nisa akan yi ban iska. Wanda Manoma da dama kan ce a tsakanin ne Dawa take ƙunsar ciki, domin ana yin wani irin zafi a lokacin tsakanin wasu kwanaki. Sai dai watan tara ana yin ruwa mai matuƙa yawa wato mamako, wanda a wasu lokutan har a wasu sassan ya kan haifar da ambaliya. A takaice watan tara wata ne da ake ruwa ana tsagaitawa, sai dai kuma akan yi manya-manyan ruwa waɗanda akasari suke iya haifar da ɓarna.
Matsalolin damina
Matsalolin da damina take gadarwa suna da yawa, wanda sukan kawo naƙasu da yawa a rayuwar yau da kullum. Matsalolin sun haɗa da:
1. Dakatawar sana’o’i
• Mata
Yanayin damina na ɗaya daga cikin yanayin da ke haifar da cikas ga wasu ƙananan sana’oi da mata ke gudanarwa don samun abin da za su dogara da kansu. A irin wannan yanayi, masu ƙananan sana’oi irin toye-toye a gefen hanya da dai sauransu na fuskanta koma baya a harkokinsu, sabida wasu lokuta ruwa na hanasu fitowa, inma sunyi kuru sun fito sai ya hana abokan hulɗar su zuwa siya kayansa.
• Maza
Maza maigidanga da dama kan fuskanci ƙalubale a irin wannan yanayin, domin wani kullum sai an fita ake samowa. Hakan kan kawo musu rashin nutsuwa da kuma kwanciyar hankali. Idan ba a yi aune ba a wasu gidajen akan samu saɓani a watan damina.
• Magina
Magina masu sana’ar gini da kuma waɗanda ake yi wa gini a lokutan damuna kan fuskanci tararrabi da kuma rashin nutsuwa. Shi Magini na tunanin rashin aikin yi, yayin da wanda za a yi wa aikin yake tunanin yin asara.
2. Lalacewar hanya
Yanayin damina na taka muhimmiyar rawa wurin kawo naƙasu a hanyoyi, kama daga kan titi har zuwa cikin lunguna. Musamman lungunan da suka kasance ma’abota kwatoci waɗanda ba sa samun tsaftacewar da ta kamata.
5. Ambaliyar ruwa
Yanayin damina kan haifar da ambaliya musamman a cikin watan takwas, ambaliyar da a lokuta da dama ta kan jawo asarar rai tare da tafiyar dukiya da kuma amfanin gona.
5. Rushewar gidaje
Yanayin damina na haifar da rushewar gidaje da dama, ta fuskar yanayin gudun iska da aka fuskanta. Wasu lokutan za ka ga kwanon gida ya cire gaba ɗaya ko kuma an samu zubewar katanga wanda wani lokacin ka haɗar da asarar sai.
6. Rashin lafiya
A yanayi irin na damina akan yi fama da rashin lafiya sosai, wadda wannan rashin lafiya ta kan shafi maza da mata da manya da yara da kuma tsofaffi. Musamman a watan tara akwai yawaitar zazzaɓi sosai, wanda wasu kan ce wai zazzaɓin Dawa da sauransu.
7. Cututtuka lokacin damina
A lokacin damina akan yi cututtuka da dama sai dai kuma an fi cuttutuka kamar su:
1. Danger fever: Zazzaɓi ne mai zafi wanda ake fama da shi a lokutan damina. Wanda ke faruwa a dalilin (monsoon disease). Wasu lokutan kan sa mai yin sa surutai da sambatu. Zazzaɓin na faruwa ne sakammakon yawaitar sauro wanda shi ne yake haifar da shi.
2. Leptospirosis: Nau’in cuta ce da kan faru a lokutan damina, ƙwayar cuta ce ta bacteria da ake ɗaukata ta hanyar ruwa, wadda ta haɗar da fitsarin ƙananun hallitu musamman ɓera.
3. Conjunctivitis: Cuta ce dake shafar ido, ta kan sanya ido ya yi wani irin ja tamkar (pink).
4. Cizon auro: A lokacin damina akan fama da yawaitar sauro, domin shi sauro dama babu abin da yake ƙara masa yawan haihuwa sama da ruwa da kuma kasancewa cikin duhuwar ciyayi. Wannan yanayi kan ba shi damar yin wadaƙa yadda yake so. Domin har wasu kalolin sauraye ake samun ɓulowa wanda suka bambanta da wanda aka saba gani.
Manazarta
Africa Health Organisation. (2019, September 9). Five illnesses that affect children during the rain season Africa Health Organisation.