Gmail

Google mail, wanda a takaice kuma ake rubuta shi kamar Gmail. Manhaja ce ta kyauta da kamfanin Google ya samar wanda ke ba wa masu amfani da na’urori kwamfuta da wayoyin hannu damar aikawa da karɓar saƙwannin imel ta kafar intanet. Da farko an fara ɗaukar Gmail a matsayin wani abin wasa kasancewar an sanar da ƙirƙirar shi ne a ranar 1 ga Afrilu, 2004, wato ya dace da ranar da ake bikin (Afrilu Fools).

Gmail manhajar imel ce ta musamman saboda yana ba da adadin gigabytes na imel da yawa don ajiyar bayanan imel, wanda ke nuna yawancin mutane ba sa damuwa da rashin samun wadatacciyar ma’ajiyar saƙwannin imel. Wani muhimmin alfanu ga manhajar Gmail shi ne yi wa mutane uzuri na asusunsu ya kasance marar aiki (inactive) har na tsawon watanni tara. Wato ko da mutum ya samu matsala ta rashin na’urar kwamfuta ko kuma wayar da shiga manhajar da ita, to asusun yana nan ba za a kulle shi ba har tsawon lokacin da aka ambata a sama.

Yawancin kamfanonin da ke ba da sabis irin Gmail suna buƙatar mutane su shiga cikin asusunsu aƙalla sau ɗaya a duk bayan kwanaki 30 don ci gaba da amfani da asusun. Gmail yana da ƙarfin fasahar iya gano sakon spam idan akwai, kuma duk spam ɗin ana tace su a tura cikin kwandon shara (trash), don haka ba sai ma an karanta ba.

Tarihin samuwar Gmail

An ƙaddamar da Gmail a ranar 1 ga Afrilu, 2004, kamar yadda aka kawo a sama, a matsayin gwaji a kan tsarin beta. Tun da farko an yi tunanin manhajar imel ɗin wasa ce na April Fool, saboda gmail ya samar wa mutane 1 gigabyte na ma’ajiya kyauta, wadda ta  kasance babbar ma’ajiya fiye da sauran manhajojin sadarwar imel da ake da ake da su a lokacin.

Aikin ƙirƙirar manhajar Gmail, wanda Paul Buchheit ya jagoranta, ya haɗa da ayyukan bincike guda biyu, wannan ya sauƙaƙa wa mutane wajen nemo taƙamaiman saƙon imel da kuma bin tattaunawa ba tare da an ware faldojin da imel ɗin suke ba. Gmail a hukumance ya sauka daga tsarin beta a shekara ta 2009. A lokacin ana amfani da adireshin Gmail.com sosai a yawancin sassan duniya.

Yadda Gmail ke aiki

Gmail dandalin imel ne da ke da matsugunni a ma’ajiyar sararin samaniya wato (cloud). Wannan yana nufin cewa duk saƙonnin gmail da abubuwan da aka maƙala ana adana su a kan Google server, a cikin cibiyoyin rumbunan bayanan Google. Mutane za su iya samun damar buɗewa tare da sarrafa asusunsu na gmail a kan kowace na’ura da ke da kuzarin hawa yanar gizo.

Gmail yana goyan bayan daidaitattun ka’idojin sadarwar saƙwannin imel, wanda ya haɗa da Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) da kuma Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP).

IMAP yana ba wa mutane damar bincikar saƙonnin imel ɗinsu daga na’urori da yawa kuma su tabbatar da cewa akwatin saƙo na asusun yana aiki tare a duk na’urorin. Ana amfani da SMTP don aika saƙon imel. Waɗannan ka’idoji guda biyu suna ba wa mutane damar sarrafa ma’ajiyarsu ta Gmail tare da sauran kamfanonin samar da sabis ɗin imel kamar Microsoft Outlook ko Apple Mail, baya ga cibiyar sadarwar Gmail ta yanar gizo da aikace-aikacen Gmail na manhajar wayar hannu.

Bambancin tsakanin imel da Gmail

Imel yana nufin fasaha da ka’idojin da ke ba wa mutane damar aikawa, karɓa, da sarrafa saƙonni ta kafar intanet ta hanyar yanar gizo ko kamfanin imel ɗin. Gmail shi ne sunan sabis ɗin imel na kamfanin Google.

Siffofin Gmail

• Gmail ya bambanta kansa daga dukkan takwarorinsa ta hanyar samar da wasu keɓantattun abubuwa. Gmail yana da suffofi da dama waɗanda ƙila ba za su bayyana ga kowa ba sai ƙwararru. Sun hada da:
• Tsarin sirri wanda ke mayar da saƙonnin imel ya zama ya yi expire bayan wani lokaci, tare da cire damar turawa ko kwafa ko saukewa ko kuma buga saƙon a kan takarda daga shafin Gmail ɗin.
• Zaɓin biyan kudi don amfani da Google Gemini, wato wani tsarin harsuna ne na kamfanin, large language model (LLM), kai tsaye cikin manhajar Gmail.
• Zaɓin dakatar da aika sako wanda ke ba da damar tunawa da imel ɗin da aka aiko, da zaɓin tsara jadawalin aika imel a wani lokaci na gaba.

Gamsuwa da tsarin Gmail

Za a iya gamsuwa da Gmail ne saboda jajircewar kamfanin Google ta fuskar samar tsaro da sirri a harkokin yanar gizo. Ga wasu mahimman ɓangarori da ayyuka waɗanda ke ba da gudummawa da gamsuwa ga gmail:

• Gmail yana da ƙaƙkarfan tsarin tace saƙwannin spam, da algorithms waɗanda ke gargaɗin mutane game da saƙwannin damfara da sauran su.
• Duk saƙonnin gmail a rufe suke kuma a killace. Ana rufe duk saƙon da aka aika zuwa kamfanonin samar da sabis ta hanyar amfani da tsarin transport layer security (TLS).
• Gmail na ba da shawara ga masu amfani da shi, da su ƙara wa asusunsu tsaro ta hanyar amfani da two-factor authentication. Wannan yana ƙara tsaro ta hanya ta biyu ta tabbatar da mallaka, kamar saƙon kar-ta-kwana ko sanarwa ta aikace-aikace, baya ga lambar tsaro (password).
• Yana haɗe da fasahar binciken ta Google, (Google’s Safe Browsing technology), wanda ke gargaɗin mutane idan sun danna hanyoyin haɗuwar yanar gizo a cikin sakon imel wanda zai iya sada su da mugayen shafukan yanar gizo.
• Ana iya adana lambobin sirri na shiga Gmail a cikin Google Password Manager.
• Gmail yana ba da hanyoyi da yawa don dawo da asusu, don taimaka wa masu amfani da shi sake samun damar shiga asusunsu idan sun manta lambobin sirrin su ko kuma idan an gano wani aiki na ɓata-gari.
• Gmail yana ba da na’urori da ɓangarori don masu amfani da shi su sarrafa sirrin bayanansu, akwai damar yin canje-canje ta hanyar Google account setting.

Kalubalen tsaro ga Gmail

Haɗakar Gmail tare da tsare-tsare da kuma sauran manhajojin kamfanin Google na iya zama ƙalubale ga wasu masu amfani da shi, musamman waɗanda ba su san cewa tsarin sirrin asusun Gmail ɗinsu yana da alaƙa da Asusun Google gabaɗaya ba.

Yayin da Google ke cewa matakan tsaro na sa suna kare bayanan mai amfani da shi, kuma a hukumance kamfanin ya daina bincika saƙon imel ɗin masu amfani da shi don manufar tallace-tallace da aka tsara a cikin  shekara ta 2017, yiwuwar keta sirri da samun izini har yanzu tana a matsayin abin damuwa.

Damar da kamfanin Google yake da ita ga ɗimbin bayanan sirrin jama’a ta hanyar sabis ɗin imel, tare da damar yin nazarin bayanai da tallace-tallace, hakan ya haifar da muhawara kan ikon Gmail na kare sirrin mai amfani da shi. Sannan haɗakar manhajojin kamfanin Google yana nufin cewa kutse a wani ɓangare na manhajojin na iya yin tasiri ga sauran ma.

Saboda haka domin rage waɗannan ƙalubalen, masu amfani da gmail za su iya ɗaukar matakai kamar daidaita tsaro da sirri, bibiya akai-akai da tsara akwatin saƙonni na yau da kullun, da amfani da wasu kamfanonin imel ɗin don samun damar kula da asusu ko da ba a hau yanar gizo ba, tare da amfani da tsarin tsaron asusu kamar 2FA.

Fa’idojin amfani da Gmail

• Samar da ma’ajiya kyauta don saƙwannin imel da sauran abubuwa
• Damar binciko imel daga akwatin saƙo ta hanyar fasahar bincike ta Google
• Ɓangarorin tsaro masu ƙarfi, tare da damar ɓoyewa da tace sakon spam, da kuma tsarin tsaron 2FA
• Haɗakar manhajoji kamar Google Drive, Docs, da kalanda na iya taimakawa wajen gudanar da ayyuka cikin sauƙi
• Samar fasahar algorithms masu ƙarfi don tace imel ɗin da ba a so, da ba da kariya daga barazanar tsaro
• Za a iya amfani da tsarin Smart reply da Smart Compose don taimakawa da sauƙaƙa rubutu

Matsalolin Gmail

• Ma’ajiyar da aka samar a cikin Gmail, Google Drive da Google photos na iya cika cikin sauri
• Tsarin tacewa ta hanyar labelling na iya haifar da goge imel idan ba a tsara su a hankali ba
• Gmail yana buƙatar ƙaƙkarfan yanayin sadarwar intanet don yin cikakken aiki mai nagarta
• Masu amfani da gmail na iya shan wahalar sauya ayyuka saboda yawan tsare-tsare da ayyukan Google
• Yawan abubuwa da ɓangarorin manhajar imel ɗin na iya zama ƙalubale ga sababbin masu amfani da manhajar
• Bayyanar tallace-tallace a cikin akwatin saƙonni

Manazarta

Coach, P. (2022, November 17). 10 Gmail functions you probably didn’t know existed. Medium.

Gmail. (2023, December 10). Gamil

Daniel. (2023, December 27). Top Gmail features & functions any professional should use. WiseStamp.