Microsoft wani babban kamfani ne mai samarwa da sayar da manhajojin kwamfuta a duniya, Microsoft, yana da kayayyaki iri daban-daban don baiwa masu amfani da na’urorin kwamfuta damar aiwatar da aikace-aikace. Kama daga ayyukan ofis da ake yi da manhajoji kamar Word da Excel zuwa PowerPoint da manhajojin aika sakon imel kamar Outlook.
An fara ƙirƙiri kamfanin Microsoft a shekara ta 1975, lokacin da Bill Gates da Paul Allen, abokin karatunsa a Jami’ar Harvard, suka yanke shawarar ƙirƙirar na’ura ta ɗaya daga cikin kwamfutoci na farko a tarihi. Bayan an hayar da Micro Instrumentation da Telemetry Systems (MITS) don taimakawa tare da ayyukansu, sun yi shekara ɗaya kawai suna aiki a kan ra’ayin ƙashin kansu, Microsoft, wanda aka ƙirkira a matsayin kamfani mai rijista a 1981.
Wane ne ya mamallaki Microsoft?
Microsoft kamfani ne na haɗakar jama’a, don haka ba mamallakin mutun guda ɗaya ba ne. Babban mai hannun jari na kamfanin shi ne Satya Nadella, wanda ya kasance a matsayin Babban Jami’in Gudanarwa (CEO) tun daga shekarar 2014 duk kuwa da cewa, ya saka hannun jari a Microsoft tun shekarar 1992.
Daga cikin ayyukan nasa akwai kula da Manhajar Microsoft Cloud da Enterprise groups, wanda yake jagoranta tare da samar da sauyi ga kayan aikin ma’ajiyar sararin samaniya (Cloud Storage). Wani ɓangare na tagomashi gare shi, shi ne kamfanin yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan kamfanoni masu samar da ma’ajiyar sararin samaniya a yau.
Sauran manyan masu hannun jari guda biyu su ne Bradford L. Smith da Jean-Philippe Courtois. Smith ya mallaki kashi 0.01% na jimlar hannun jari, kuma a yanzu ya zama babban jami’in harkokin shari’a na Microsoft, inda ya fara a matsayin babban lauya a 2003. Courtois, a gefe guda, shi ne mataimakin shugaban zartarwa na Microsoft, da tallace-tallacen duniya, da sauran ayyuka. Ya fara shiga kamfanin ne a shekarar 1984, inda ya yi ayyuka daban-daban kamar su babban manajan Microsoft a Faransa da kuma muƙamin shugaban Microsoft na ƙasa da ƙasa.
Haka nan akwai masu hannun jari daga hukumomi, waɗanda ke riƙe sama da kashi 70% na jimlar hannun jarin Microsoft. Manyan ukun su ne Vanguard Group Inc., wanda ke da kashi 8.4% na jimlar hannun jarin, BlackRock Inc., da kashi 6.8% na hannun jarin sai kuma State Street Corp, da kashi 4.2%.
Manhajojin Microsoft
Tsohon kamfanin Gates na daga cikin manyan kamfanonin fasaha a duniya. Yana da manhajoji da yawa waɗanda suka yi fice sosai a fannin fasaha da muka sani a yau, daga cikinsu akwai manhajar Internet Explorer (wanda yanzu an daina aiki da ita) da kuma manhajar Edge. Dukkansu manhajoji ne da ke ba da damar shiga shafukan yanar gizo.
Microsoft ne ke samar da manhajar Windows Operating System ta na’urar kwamfuta. Lokacin da aka fara ƙaddamar da manhajar Windows 1.0 a cikin shekara ta 1983, sai shi ma kamfanin Apple ya ƙaddamar da irin wannan manhajar. An ƙaddamar da manhajar Windows 3.0 a cikin 1990. A shekara ta 2000, aka ƙaddamar da Windows 2000 sai kuma mai bi masa Windows XP, wanda ya fara aiki daga 2003 zuwa 2007, lokacin da aka bullo da Windows Vista. Sabuwar manhajar Windows Operating System a yanzu ita ce Windows 11, wanda aka ƙaddamar a cikin 2021.
Sauran abubuwan da ke cikin kundin kamfanin Microsoft su ne Microsoft Office da Microsoft 365, waɗannan rukunin manhajoji ne da ke taimaka wa ayyukan ofis na yau da kullum da kamfanin yake samarwa, kuma ake sabunta su lokaci zuwa lokaci gwargwadon bukatar sauyin zamani. Da farko an ƙirƙira a cikin 1990, Microsoft Office ta haɗa da Word, Excel da PowerPoint don na’urorin kan tebur. A cikin 2017, lokacin da kamfanin ya fara juya akalarsa zuwa ga manhajojin da ake girkewa a sararin samaniya, sai ya ƙaddamar da Office 365, wanda ke da tsarin biyan kuɗi na shekara-shekara ga manhajojin.
Baya ga sauran aikace-aikacen gudanarwa na ci gaba kamar Visual Studio da .Net, Microsoft kuma ya faɗaɗa tunaninsa zuwa ga manhajojin kallace-kallace da sarrafa bidiyo. A cikin shekara ta 2001, ya sanar da na’urar wasan bidiyo ta Xbox, wadda ta sauya zuwa Xbox 260 a cikin shekara ta 2005, Xbox One a cikin 2013 da Xbox Series X da S a cikin 2020.
Idan aka koma kan fasahar manhajojin sararin samaniya, Microsoft ya mallaki Microsoft Azure, wanda aka fara ƙirƙira a cikin 2008 a matsayin abokin hamayyar kai tsaye na ayyukan yanar gizon kamfanin Amazon. Wannan dandali yana ba da damar yin amfani da manhajojin kwamfuta, yin nazari, ma’ajiya, gudanarwa, koyon sarrafa na’urar da kuma damar samun bayanai.
Har ila yau kuma dai kamfanin Microsoft ya mallaki Skype, Nokia, da LinkedIn a cikin 2011, 2013 da 2016.
Tsare-tsaren Microsoft tare da ChatGPT
Tun lokacin da kamfanin Microsoft ya sanar da zuba jarinsa na £10bn a OpenAI a farkon 2023, wanda ya kafa ChatGPT ya riga ya haɗa ayyukansa a cikin shafin matambayi baya ɓata na Bing. Shugaba Nadella ya bayyana cewa “Kowace manhajar kamfanin Microsoft za su samu AI iri ɗaya don canja ingancin manhajojin gabaɗaya.”
Nan gaba kaɗan za a ga canji gabaɗaya kan yadda manhajojin Microsoft ke aiki, tare da ɓullo da sababbi ma. Misali, 2021 aka ƙaddamar da GitHub Copilot, wanda ke amfani da injin Codex na ChatGPT don sarrafa rubutun lamba.
Manhajojin Microsoft Office da Office 365 nan tafe da cigabana ChatGPT a cikin tsarinsu. Saboda haka, aikace-aikace kamar Word, PowerPoint da Excel za a ga ƙarin abubuwan da su rika sarrafa kansu da tsarawa. Waɗannan aikace-aikacen na na’urorin kan tebur, tuni kamfanin Microsoft ya riga ya haɗa wasu da cigaban fasahar ChatGPT, ƙarƙashin tsarin biyan kuɗi amfani matsakaici.
Baya ga waɗannan, Microsoft ya bayyana a sarari cewa shirye-shiryensa tare da ChatGPT tattaunawa ce mai gudana kuma kusan komai ya tabbata.
Alakar Microsoft da ChatGPT
Dalilin da yasa Microsoft da ChatGPT ke da alaƙa ta kud da kud shi ne saboda Microsoft 365 Copilot. A cewar shafin yanar gizon Microsoft, “fasahar dijital ce mai ƙarfin AI wanda ke da nufin ba da taimako inganci kuma na musamman ga masu amfani don aikace-aikace da dama.”
Manazarta
Writer, S. (2023b, November 10).What is Microsoft? – Tech Monitor. Tech Monitor.
Britannica money. (2024b, August 27). Microsoft Corporations Britannica
Pax8. (2024, June 26). Power up with Pax8 and Microsoft | Pax8