Ironsi shi ne kaftin ɗin soja na farko, manjo na farko, laftanal kanal na farko, kanal na farko, kuma birgediya na farko ɗan Najeriya. Cikakken sunansa shi ne Manjo Janar Johnson Thomas Aguiyi Ironsi, ya kasance mai tsananin kishin ƙasa da adalci a a harkokin gwamnati, yana cikin nagartattun shugabannin da kasar Najeriya ta taɓa samu.
Haihuwarsa
An haifi Thomas Umunnakwe Aguiyi-Ironsi a ranar 3 ga Maris, 1924 ga Ezeugo Aguiyi a Umuahia-Ibeku, a jihar Abia ta Najeriya a yau. Yana da shekaru takwas, ya ƙaura tare da ‘yar uwarsa mai suna Anyamma, wadda ta auri Theophilius Johnson, wani jami’in diflomasiyar Saliyo a Umuahia. Daga nan Thomas Aguiyi-Ironsi ya ɗauki sunan surukinsa na ƙarshe a matsayin sunansa na farko, kuma yana ganin surukin nasa a matsayin uba.
Karatunsa
Johnson Thomas Umunnakwe Aguiyi-Ironsi ya yi karatun firamare da sakandare a Umuahia da kuma jihar Kano.
Shigar shi aikin soja
Aguiyi-Ironsi yana da shekaru 18 ya shiga aikin sojan Najeriya sabanin yadda yayarsa Anyamma ke so. Ya shiga aikin ne a shekarar 1942, a matsayin mai zaman kansa tare da bataliya ta bakwai. A cikin 1946, an ƙara masa girma zuwa matsayin babban sajan kamfani. Har ila yau a cikin 1946, aka tura Ironsi horo a kwalejin aa’aikata, ta Camberley, da ke Ingila. Bayan nasarar kammala kwas dinsa a Camberley, Ironsi ya samu mukamin laftanar na biyu na Rundunar Sojojin Yammacin Afirka a 1949.
Ironsi ya kai matsayin kyaftin ne a shekarar 1953, sannan kuma ya ci gaba da samun ci gaba cikin sauri a aikin soja inda bayan shekara biyu wato 1955 aka ƙara masa girma zuwa muƙamin manjo. Ironsi ta yi aiki tare da wasu sojoji kamar Sarauniya Elizabeth ta biyu ta Burtaniya da kuma ma’aikatan jirgin Najeriya a lokacin da ta ziyarci Najeriya a 1956.
A shekarar 1960, Aguiyi-Ironsi ya zama kwamandan bataliya ta biyar a Kano, Najeriya, mai mukamin laftanar kanal. Daga baya a cikin shekara ta 1960, ya zama shugaban rundunar sojojin Najeriya na rundunar wanzar da zaman lafiya ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a Zaire (Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo a yanzu).
Daga 1961-1962, Aguiyi-Ironsi ya yi aiki a matsayin hadimin soji a babbar hukumar Najeriya da ke birnin Landan United Kingdom. A wannan lokacin ne aka kara masa girma zuwa muƙamin Birgediya-Janar. A lokacin Ironsi a matsayin hadimin soja ya halarci wasu kwasa-kwasai a kwalejin tsaron ta Imperial (wadda aka sake mata suna zuwa Royal College of Defence Studies a 1970), Seaford House, Belgrave.
A shekarar 1965, Aguiyi-Ironsi ya samu mukamin Manjo-Janar. A waccan shekarar ne Manjo-Janar CB Welby-Everard ya miƙa muƙamansa na babban kwamandan rundunar sojojin Najeriya GOC ga Manjo-Janar Johnson Thomas Umunnakwe Aguiyi-Ironsi, wanda hakan ya sa ya zama ɗan Najeriya na farko da ya shugabanci rundunar sojojin Najeriya gabaɗaya.
Zama shugaban ƙasa
A watan Janairun 1966, wasu gungun hafsoshin soji, ƙarƙashin jagorancin Manjo Chukwuma Nzeogwu, suka hambarar da gwamnatin tsakiya da ta yankin Najeriya, suka kashe firaministan kasar, suka yi kokarin kwace mulki a wani juyin mulkin da bai yi nasara ba. Manjo Janar Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi ne ya tunkari Nzeogwu, ya kama shi kuma ya ɗaure shi.
Ironsi ya karbi ragamar mulkin kasar ne biyo bayan gazawar juyin mulkin da sojoji suka yi a ranar 15 ga watan Janairun 1966.
Da karɓar ragamar shugabancin ƙasa, Ironsi ya yi gaggawar aiwatar da manufofin tabbatar da hadin kai, zaman lafiya, tsari da tsaro. Da farko, ya zaɓo mambobin Majalisar Koli ta Sojoji (SMC) a tsanake don bai wa yankuna hudu na ƙasa damar fahimtar juna don tabbatar da daidaito, adalci da gaskiya.
Kishin ƙasarsa da gudunmawa
Daga cikin mambobi tara na SMC, Ironsi da gwamnan sojin jihar gabas ne daga gabashin ƙasar kawai, laftanar kanar Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, ‘yan kabilar Igbo ne. Sauran sun haɗa da: shugaban Hafsan Sojoji (Hafsan Soji na Biyu ga Ironsi), Birgediya Babafemi Ogundipe, daga Yamma. Shugaban hafsan sojin ƙasa, laftanal kanal Yakubu Gowon, daga Arewa.
Shugaban Rundunar Sojan Ruwa, Commodore J.E.A. Way, daga Yamma. Shugaban Rundunar Sojan Sama, laftanar kanar George Kurubo, dage gabas amma ba Inyamuri ba ne. Gwamnan Soja na jihar Yamma, laftanar kanal Francis Adekunke Fajuyi, daga yammaci. Gwamnan Soja, Midwest, laftanal kanal David Akpode Ejoor, Urhobo da Gwamnan Soja jihar Arewa, laftanal kanal Hassan Usman Katsina, daga Arewaci.
A aikin soja, hafsan farko da Ironsi ya ƙarawa girma ɗan Arewa ne, wato Manjo Hassan Usman Katsina wanda ya zama babban hafsan sojin ƙasa a ranar 19 ga Janairu, 1966, kwanaki biyu kacal da hawansa shugaban ƙasa. Abin da ya ba shi damar samun daukakar matsayinsa na zama Gwamnan Soja na yankin Arewa a mulkin Ironsi.
Bayan haka, a watan Afrilun 1966, Ironsi ya ƙarawa jami’ai 60 girma zuwa muƙamai daban-daban, wadanda suka hada da 20 daga Arewa, 12 daga Gabas, Robert Akonobi, Chrise Ugokwe da Andrew Okonkwo Wee daya tilo a cikin jerin sunayen ‘yan kabilar Igbo. 10 daga Yamma da biyu daga Midwest.
Daga cikin hafsan Arewa da Ironsi ya ƙarawa girma akwai Shehu Yar’adua, Muhammadu Buhari, Ibrahim Salihu, Garba Paiko, Abdulahi Shelleng, Ibrahim Bako, Paul Terfa, H.D. Jega, R. O. Obeya, Babangida, da J. I. Onoja, Danjuma.
Ironsi ya nuna kishin ƙasa matuƙa, a ranar 19 ga Afrilu, 1966, ya naɗa wasu ‘yan Najeriya huɗu a mukamai huɗu masu muhimmanci, kuma babu ɗaya daga cikin ‘yan kabilar Igbo. Sun kasance: Alhaji Sule Katugum a matsayin shugaban ma’aikatan gwamnatin tarayya. Ironsi ya sanar da Howson Wright a matsayin shugaban kamfanin jiragen ƙasa na Najeriya.
Shugaban Igbo na Najeriya ya sanya A.I. Oniyan, shugaban hukumar kula da tashoshin jiragen ruwa ta Najeriya kuma a wannan rana, ya bayyana ta hanyar sanar da jama’a cewa H. O. Omenai shi ne shugaban kamfanin jiragen saman Najeriya.
Juyin mulki da rasuwarsa
A ranar 29th July 1966, zafin kisan shugabannin da aka yi musamman na Arewa a lokacin juyin mulkin da Ironsi ya dane shugabanci ne yasa wasu sojojin suka taso domin yi wa gwamnatinsa juyin mulki.
A lokacin da ya kai ziyarar rangadi yankin yammacin Najeriya wanda gidan gwamnatinsa ke Ibadan, a daren wannan rana Aguiyi-Ironsi ya ji kishin-kishin cewa sojoji na shirin yi masa juyin mulki, inda da sanyin safiyar 30 ga watan Yuli, sojojin karkashin jagorancin Theophilus Danjuma suka yi wa gidan gwamnatin da ya kwana a ciki kawanya, inda Danjuma ya ma sa tambayoyi game da juyin mulkin da ya kai ga kisan Sardaunan Sokoto, Sir Ahmadu Bello.
Daga bisani an tsinci gawar Aguiyi-Ironsi da gwamnan soji a yankin Yammacin Najeriya, laftanal kanal Adekunle Fajuyi a wani daji da ke kusa da garin Badin.
Manazarta
British Broadcasting Corporation. (2010, September 21). BBC Hausa – News – Takaitaccen tarihin Aguyi Ironsi.
Ezugwu, O., & Ezugwu, O. (2023, July 30). Ironsi: Nigeria’s most patriotic, nationalistic leader ever!!! – Business Hallmark.
Gwadabe, M. (2023, July 4). Tuna Baya: Tarihin Shugaban Mulkin Sojin Najeriya Janar Agunyi Ironsi Aminiya. Aminiya.