Daddawa wani sinadarin kayan amfani ne da akasari aka fi amfani da ita wurin gudanar da abinci ko kuma nau’in girke-girke kala-kala musamman girkin da ya danganci gargajiya. Haka kuma tana daga cikin nau’in kayan girkin da ake amfani da su wurin sarrafa yaji.
Abubuwan da ake yin daddawa da su
Bincike ya tabbatar da cewa ana iya yin daddawa da abubuwa da dama. Waɗanda suka haɗar da:
- Ana yin daddawa daga gyaɗa, rogo, ko kuma ‘ya’yan ɗorawa wadda aka fi sani da kalwa a Hausa.
- Ana kuma yin ta da waken suya wato suya beans.
Asalin samuwar daddawa
Ana kyautata zaton asalin daddawa daga Afirka take, musamman yankunan Sudan da Sahel, wanda yanzu ya haɗe da Najeriya, Mali, Nijar, da Ghana.
Mutanen da suka yi noma da kiwo tun zamanin da, suna amfani da daddawa don ƙara ɗanɗano a abinci kamar miyar kuka, taushe, da miyar kuɓewa ko kuma zogale.
Tsarin yin daddawa ya samo asali ne daga hanyar sarrafa abinci na gargajiya don ya fi daɗewa ba tare da ya lalace ba.
Ire-iren daddawa
Daddawar kalwa
Ita ce daddawa mafi shahara a duniya, kuma ana amfani da ita a miyar kuka, taushe, da sauran nau’ikan girki daban-daban musamman a fanin gargajiya. Kalwa wani abu ne da ake sarrafawa domin samar da daddawa, wadda yawancin al’umomin Najeriya da yankin Afirka ta Yamma ke amfani da ita domin ƙara wa abinci ɗanɗano. Kalwa ita ce babbar abin da ake sarrafawa wajen yin daddawa. Ma’aikatan lafiya sun ce tana da amfani mai yawa ga rayuwar ɗan Adam. A taƙaice, kalwa na ɗauke da sinadari mai tasiri ga jikin ɗan Adam, musamman a ɓangarorin da suka shafi jini.
Ana samun sinadarin kalwa ne a nahiyar Afirka kawai, kuma manoma a arewacin Najeriya na shuka bishiyoyin ɗorawa sosai waɗanda ke samar da kalwa bayan an sarrafa ta.
Daddawar gyaɗa
Ana sarrafa gyaɗa ta hanyar narke ta da ruwa har ta zama daddawa, kuma tana ƙara ɗanɗano a abinci.
Daddawar rogo
Wasu wurare ana amfani da rogo wajen yin daddawa.
Sunayen daddawa
Kamar yadda sunanta tabbatace ya kasance daddawa sai dai a kwai wurare mabambanta da suke kiranta da sunaye kala-kala. Mafi yawan jahohin Arewacin Nijeriya, a Sokoto suna kiran ta da suna daudawa.
- A harshen Englishi ana kiran ta da locust bean cake.
- Kabilar Tibi suna kiranta da suna Nune.
- Yoruba suna kiranta da iyere.
- Kanuri kuma suna kiranta suna da ‘runo’.
- A harshen Igbo suna ce mata ‘Ogiri’.
- Su kuma fulani suna kiranta da ‘ makari’.
Waɗannan harsuna suke nuna cewa kusan kowace ƙabila a Nijeriya tana amfani da daddawa wadda a mafi yawa ake yi da kalwa.
Wasu ƙasashe da ke da itaciyar ɗorawa
Ƙasashe masu yawan gaske a Afirika suna da wannan itaciyar da ake sarrafa ‘ya’yanta a maida su daddawa kamar:
- Sudan
- Sierra Leon
- CotediCboire
- Senegal
- Chad
- Gambia
- Cameroon
- Zaire
- Guinea bissau
- Ghana
- Mali
- Niger republic
- Burkinafaso
- Togo
- Uganda da kuma Benin republic.
Wadanda suke amfani da daddawa
A mafi yawa an ɗauka cewa talaka marasa ƙarfi kawai ke amfani da daddawa, ba tare da la’akari da amfanin ta galafiyar jiki ba.
Wani zai gwmmace ka ba shi naman naira ɗari biyu da ka ba shi daddawa ta naira datri biyar, bai san yana hanawa jikinsa wasu muhimman sinadirrai masu amfanar jiki a badini ba. Wasu sun ɗauki daddawa kayan wari wadda kayan gyaran abincin talaka ne kawai.
Abubuwa da dama masu amfanar jikinmu mukan yi watsi da su ko dan rashin ɗanɗanonsu a baki ko rashin ƙamshin da suke da shi. A haƙiƙa daddawa tana da matuƙar amfani ƙwarai da gaske.
Sinadaran daddawa
Daddawa tana ɗauke da sinadarai masu matuƙar amfani ga jiki. Sinadaranta sun haɗa da proteins, vitamins, minerals, fats, da fiber, waɗanda ke taimakawa wajen bunƙasa lafiya da inganta abinci.
- Protein
- Carbohydrates
- Dietary Fiber
- Vitamin A,
- Vitamin B-complex
- Vitamin C,
- Iron (Fe),
- Calcium (Ca),
- Magnesium (Mg),
- Potassium (K),
- Zinc (Zn),
- Flavonoids &Polyphenols,
- Probiotics,
- Lipid
- Fat, Calcium, Ash, Fibre.
- Carotenoids(Bitamin A,
- Ascorbic acid (bit.C).
Ayyukan daddawa
Daddawa tana ayyuka masu muhimmanci a jikin ɗan Adam dama sauran wasu muhimmana sassana. Wanda suka haɗa da:
- Daddawa tana dai-daita sinadiran cholesterol.
- Daddawa tana taimakawa dan inganta lafiyar idanu.
- Daddawa tana taimakawa dan narkar da abinci.
- Daddawa na maganin bugun jini da yawan haihawar jini.
- Wannan ya biyo bayan binciken da wasu masana su ka yi wanda aka wallafa a mujallar nan mai suna ‘science Journal dake a birnin Dakar, na Senegal.
- Inda suka baiwa ɓeraye don su ga ko tana dai-daita gudanan jinni a jiki.
- Daga ƙarshe dai sakamakon ya nuna cewa yawan amfani da daddawa yana taimakawa don rage bugun jini a jiki.
- Ana amfani da ganyen ɗorowa bayan an tafasa shi sai a yi wanka da ruwan yana magance zazzabi da yawan kasala da ciwon jiki.
- Tana dai-daita aikin abinci a cikin ciki.
- Tana faɗa da ƙwayoyin cuta.
- Tana ɗauke da sinadiran tannis wadanda ke da amfani wajen tsaida gudawa.
- Sassaƙen itaciyar na maganin gyambon ƙafa kona fata a jiki. Harwa yau ana amfani da sassaƙen a maida shi gari a dunga amfani da shi dan maganin kuturta.
- A ƙasar Cote D’Ivoire suna amfani da ganye da sassaƙen ɗorowa dan maganin zafin jiki na zazzaɓi da kuma wasu magunnan iska.
- Idan kana fama da yawan tashin zuciya a duk sanda ka ci abinci to dunga amfani da daddawa ka gani.
- Idan kana fama da karamcin gani to ka dinga yawaita shan miyar daudawa.
- Tana gyara yawu ta yanda za ka rinka cin abinci kana jin ɗanɗanonsa.
- Tana taimakawa garkuwar jiki dan samun damar yakar ƙwayoyin cuta a sanadinta na samuwar bitamin C.
- Daddawa tafi aiki a cikin miyar kuka musamman idan an saka nama.
- Amfani da miyar kukar da aka girka da daddawa tare da tafarnuwa na magance basir da cuttukan ciki da fungal da sauran ƙwayoyin cuta.
Amfanin daddawa ga abinci
Daddawa tana da matuƙar amfani ga abinci, musamman a girkin gargajiya na Najeriya da wasu sassan Afirka. Ga wasu daga cikin amfaninta:
Ɗanɗano
Daddawa tana ba abinci ƙamshi da ɗanɗano na musamman, musamman a miya da abinci irin su tuwo da shinkafa.
Magani
Amfani da ita wajen rage matsalolin ciki kamar ciwon ciki da kumburin ciki.
Gina jiki
Daddawa tana da sinadaran furotin, bitamin, da ma’adanai masu ƙarfafa jiki.
Sauƙaƙa narkewar abinci
Tana taimakawa wajen sauƙaƙa narkewar abinci da hana kumburin ciki.
Ajiya
Ana amfani da ita wajen adana abinci na dogon lokaci, musamman saboda tana taimakawa wajen hana su ruɓewa da saurin lalacewa.
Rage yawan gishiri
Tana rage buƙatar amfani da gishiri a girki saboda tana da ɗanɗanon da ke ƙara kuzari ga abinci.
Amfanin daddawa ga masana’antu
- Daddawa tana da matuƙar amfani a masana’antu, musamman a fannoni da suka shafi sarrafa abinci, lafiya, da sinadarai. Ba kawai tana da amfani a girki ba, har ma da bunykasa masana’antu a fannonin abinci, lafiya, gona, da ilimin sinadarai.
- Ana amfani da daddawa a matsayin sinadarin ƙara ɗanɗano (flavor enhancer) a masana’antar sarrafa kayan miya da kayan ƙamshi.
- Ana haɗa ta da maggi da kayan miya don ƙara wa girki inganci.
- Ana iya amfani da ita a masana’antar sarrafa kayan miya mai daɗi da kayan yaji.
- Daddawa tana da sinad baaran antioxidants da ke taimakawa wajen kare gubatar jiki.
- Ana amfani da ita wajen maganin cututtuka kamar hawan jini da matsalolin narkewar abinci.
- Tana da sinadaran probiotics da ke taimakawa wajen kare lafiyar hanji da narkewar abinci.
- Ana iya amfani da daddawa wajen haɗa abincin dabbobi, saboda tana ƙara musu furotin da sinadarai masu amfani.
- Ana iya amfani da ita wajen ƙarfafa girbin amfanin gona, musamman wajen yin takin zamani.
- Ana iya amfani da sinadarai daga daddawa wajen haɗa enzymes da ake amfani da su a masana’antu daban-daban.
Manazarta
Daddawa – Wikipedia. (n.d.). https://ha.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daddawa
Mikal, S. a. &. U. (2022, March 28). Amfanin daddawa 10 a rayuwar ɗan Adam. BBC News Hausa. https://www.bbc.com/hausa/labarai-60674196
Egwim, E. C., Amanabo, M. A., & Yahaya, A. (2013). Biochemical and Nutritional Composition of Locust Bean (Parkia biglobosa). Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management.
Akinyele, B. J., & Agbro, O. (2007). Fermentation Studies on Parkia biglobosa Seeds (African Locust Beans) for Production of Daddawa. African Journal of Biotechnology.
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