Duniyar Mars na ɗaya daga cikin jerangiyar duniyoyin dake kewaye rana, kuma ita ce mafi kusancin yiwuwar rayuwa da duniyarmu ta earth.
Mars ita ce duniya ta huɗu daga rana. Ganin cewa duniyar na da launin ja mai kama da jini, Romawa sun yi wa duniyar laƙabi da ubangijin yaƙinsu na wancan lokaci da suke kira da Mars. Su ma Romawan sun kwaikwayi mutanen Girka ne da suka gabace su a zamanin baya waɗanda suka saka wa duniyar ta Mars sunan ubangijin yaƙinsu wato Ares.
An fi ganin duniyar Mars da tsakar dare, musamman a watan Yuni.
Sauran al’ummomi na mutanen farko su ma sun bai wa duniyar suna dangane da launin ta. Misali, mutanen Masar sun saka wa duniyar Mars suna “Her Desher,” ma’ana “Ja,” haka su ma ‘yan sama jannti na ƙasar Sin na wancan lokacin sun mata laƙabi da “tauraruwa mai wuta.”
Ana mata lakabi da Jar duniya ne saboda kasancewar jar ƙasa ce a shimfiɗe a kanta. Mars ita ce duniya ta hudu a kusanci da rana, bigiren ta na tsakanin Earth da Jupiter.
Kwana ɗaya a Mars awa ashirin da huɗu ne da rabi a Earth, wato dai da minti talatin kawai ya fi kwana ɗaya a Earth tsayi. Amma shekara ɗaya a Mars kwana ɗari shida da tamanin da takwas ne.
Mars tana da watanni guda biyu, Phobos da Deimos, waɗanda suke zagaya ta. Halittar watannin da siffarsu ta banbanta da juna. Haka nan Mars tana da duwatsu da tsaunuka, har da duwatsu masu aman wuta, kuma ana yawaita girgizar ƙasa a duniyar.
Mars ce duniya ta huɗu a ƙidaya daga rana
Babu ruwa a doron Mars, amma bincike ya nuna ana sa ran akwai ƙanƙara a ƙarƙashin ƙasa a wasu kusurwoyin duniyar. Kuma an gano alamun busassun koguna da teku a faɗin duniyar ta Mars, wanda ta yiwu sun bushe ne sakamakon sauyin yanayi da ya sami duniyar a miliyoyin shekaru a baya.
Duniyar Mars tana da nisan Kilometer Miliyan 228 daga duniyar mu ta Earth, fadin ta ya kai rabin fadin duniyar mu, in ji hukumar binciken Sararin samaniyar kasar America, wato NASA. Rahoton da hukumar NASA ta tattara a shafinta na Solar System sun ce duniyar Mars tana da faɗin kilometer dubu 3,390 wato girman duniyar Mars shi ne rabin duniyar mu ta Earth, idan an haɗa har da ruwa da kogunan da suke kan Earth, irin su Red Sea, Atlantic ocean, Pacific Ocean, Indian Ocean da sauran su. Duniyar Mars tana da tazarar 1.5 Astronomical Unit daga rana.
Yanayin zagaye rana
Mars na da matuƙar nisa daga rana fiye da duniyar Earth, wannan na nufin duniyar ta Mars na da shekara mai tsawo, kwanaki 687 a duk shekara ke nan idan aka kwatanta da kwanaki 365 na duniyarmu.
Duka duniyoyin suna da tsawo ɗaya a yanayin dare da rana sai dai yana ɗaukar kusan sa’o’i 24 da mintuna 40 ga duniyar ta Mars ta kammala zagayawar da take yi a duk rana idan aka kwatanta da duniyar Earth mai sa’o’i 24.
Yanayin juyawar da Mars ke yi na kama da na Earth. Hakan na nufin kamar duniyar Earth, adadin hasken ranar da ke sauka a wasu sassa na Mars zai sha bamban a duk shekara sakamakon yanayin zafi da sanyin Mars.
Sai dai yanayin zafi da sanyi na Mars ya wuce na Earth sakamakon siffar duniyar ya fi zama kamar ƙwai a maimakon ƙwallo irin yadda Earth take, wanda hakan ya sa zagayawar da take yi wa rana ya fi tsayi idan aka kwatanta da yadda sauran duniyoyin suke zagaye rana.
A lokacin da Mars ta fi kusa da rana, ɓangaren kudancin duniyar na kallon tauraron duniyarmu, wanda hakan ke bai wa duniyar yanayin zafi gajere, sai kuma arewacin ƙasar yana fuskanatar yanayin sanyi gajere.
Girma
Mars na da faɗin kilomita 6,791, ta fi duniyarmu ta Earth ƙanƙanta wadda ke da faɗin kilomita 12,756.
Mars na da matuƙar girma kamar da kashi 10 cikin 100 na duniyarmu wanda kuma ƙarfin maganaɗinsun Mars ya kai kashi 38 cikin 100.
Akwai Ma’adanai da sunadarai a duniyar Mars
Misali, mutum mai nauyin kilo 62 a nan duniyar ta Earth idan ya je Mars ba zai wuce kilogram 62 ba amma girma zai zama ɗaya a duka duniyoyin.
Yanayi
Kamar yadda hukumar da ke kula da sararin samaniya ta duniya ta bayyana, duniyar Mars na ɗauke da kashi 95.32 na sinadarin carbon dioxide sai kashi 2.7 na nitrogen da kashi 1.6 na argon da kashi 0.13 na oxygen da kashi 0.08 na carbon monoxide da adadi kaɗan na ruwa da nitrogen oxide da neon da hydrogen-deuterium-oxygen da krypton da xenon.
Sinadarai
Duniyar Mars na da sinadaren Iron da nickel da sulfur. Mayafin da ya rufe Mars na kama da wanda ya rufe duniyar Earth wanda akwai dutse wanda ya ƙunshi silicon da oxygen da iron da magnesium.
Yadda ƙasar Mars take akwai duwatsu irin masu aman wuta waɗanda akwai irinsu a duniyar Earth da kuma duniyar wata.
Tsarin kasa
A awon diyamita na kilomita 6792, nauyinsa yakai 6.4169 x 1023 kiba da nauyin 3.934 g / cm3. Yana da girman 1.63116 X 1011 km3. Duniya ce mai ɗumbin dunƙule kamar sauran duniyoyi. Tsarin ƙasa yana gabatar da alamun tasiri akan sauran abubuwan samaniya. Volcanism da motsin dunƙulen ƙasa abubuwa ne da ke da alaƙa da yanayinsa (kamar guguwar ƙura). Duk waɗannan al’amuran suna canzawa da gyaggyara yanayin ƙasa.
Yanayi ƙasa a duniyar Mars ja ce
Laƙabin sunan jar duniya yana da cikakken bayani mai sauƙi. Ƙasar Mars tana da yawancin ma’adanai na baƙin ƙarfe waɗanda ke ba da izini da ba da launi mai launi wanda aka bambanta da shi daga Duniya. Ƙayatattun wurare a duniyar Mars sun taimaka sosai wajen lura da lissafin lokutan zagayawa.
Kamanceceniya da earth
Mars dai ita ce duniyar da Mutane suka mayar da hankali don ganin sun koma can da zama, musamman saboda kamanceceniya da suke yi da Earth, da kuma kusancinta da Earth da dai sauransu. Sai dai yanayin Mars yana da tsauri, ana yin iska mai zafin rana da guguwa, ga kuma dole sai dai kowa yana yawo da nimfashinsa a goye.
Mars tana da sanyi, ba ta da zafi irin na Earth da Venus. Sai dai ba a samun zubar ruwan sama a Mars, sai daskararren hayaƙin carbondioxide da yake zuba wani lokacin.
An tura na’urori da dama zuwa duniyar Mars, wasu sun sauka cikin nasara, wasu sun tarwatse, wasu sun zagayata sun ɗauki bayanai sun wuce. Na baya-bayan nan shine ‘Perseverance Rover’ wanda hukumar NASA ta tura a shekarar 2020, kuma bayan ya share wata takwas a hanya ya sauka a 2021, kuma yana karɓar samfurin duwatsu, ƙasa da iska da sauran abubuwa na Mars yana sakawa a kwalba zai aiko Earth.
Rayuwa a duniyar Mars
Mars na cikin duniyoyi huɗu masu duwatsu masu amfani da hasken rana. Kamanceceniya da duniyar tamu ya yi tasiri sosai game da imanin rayuwar Martian. Tsarin saman duniya yana da tsari daban-daban na dindindin da iyakokin iyakacin duniya waɗanda ba a zahiri ake yin su da ƙanƙara na gaskiya ba. Ya kasance da wani sanyi na sanyi wanda wataƙila an yi shi ne da busasshiyar kankara.
Yana ɗaya daga cikin ƙananan taurari a cikin tsarin hasken rana kuma yana da tauraron ɗan’adam guda biyu: Phobos da Deimos. Akwai balaguro zuwa Mars ta jirgin kumbon Marine 4. A ciki, an lura da haske da duhu, don haka masana kimiyya suka yi tunanin kasancewar ruwa a saman. A yanzu ana tunanin cewa an sami ambaliyar ruwa a doron duniyar kimanin shekaru miliyan 3.5 da suka gabata. Kamar ‘yan shekarun da suka gabata, a cikin 2015, NASA ta tabbatar da shaidar wanzuwar ruwan gishiri.
Wasu daga cikin abubuwan da aka fi sani da su a duniyar Mars sun hada da Olympus Mons, mafi girman dutsen mai aman wuta da dutsen da aka fi sani da shi a cikin Solar System da Valles Marineris, ɗaya daga cikin manyan canyons a cikin Solar System. Basin Borealis a Arewacin Hemisphere ya ƙunshi kusan kashi 40% na duniyarmu kuma yana iya zama babban fasalin tasiri.
Masana ilimin kimiyya sun yi amanna cewa, a zamanin da can, duniyar Mars wuri ne mai dumi da damshi kafin ya zama kekashasshen hamada mai tsananin sanyi.
