Dusar ƙanƙara wani yanayi ne wanda ke faruwa lokacin da tururin ruwa a cikin yanayi ya daskare ya zama kankara. Wato dusar ƙanƙara dai wani nau’in hazo ne da ke tasowa lokacin da zafin iska ya yi ƙasa, yawanci a yanayin zafi na 32°F (0°C) ko ƙasa da haka.
Nau’ikan dusar ƙanƙara
1. Powder Snow
Wani nau’in dusar ƙanƙara ne mai haske, mai laushi, kuma mai taushin gaske. Dusar ƙanƙarar tana fitowa lokacin da iska ke da sanyi. Sau da yawa ana danganta shi da haske, ruwan dusar ƙanƙara mai laushi ko guguwar dusar ƙanƙara waɗanda ba sa samar da danshi mai yawa.
Wannan nau’in dusar ƙanƙara na da amfani ga masu hawan dusar ƙanƙara. Har ila yau, ta shahara don gina mutum-mutumin dusar ƙanƙara, da sauran abubuwan ƙirƙira. Dusar ƙanƙara nau’in powder abar ban sha’awa ce ta hunturu wacce ke sa farinciki da nishaɗi ga mutane da yawa. Masu sha’awar wasannin hunturu da masu yawon buɗe ido don samar da nishaɗi da jin daɗi.
2. Pocked snow
nau’in dusar ƙanƙara ce wacce aka danne ta ta hanyar matsi ko nauyi, hakan ya sa ta fi ƙarfi fiye da dusar ƙanƙara. Tana tasowa lokacin da dusar ƙanƙara ke tafiya a kan ƙura, ko kuma ƙarƙashin iska, wanda ke haifar da dusar ƙanƙara don haɗuwa tare da rasa tsarin su na iska.
Pocked snow na da muhimmanci wajen gina tsarin dusar ƙanƙara kamar mutum-mutumin dusar ƙanƙara, katangar dusar ƙanƙara, da sassaken dusar ƙanƙara. Yin wasan ƙwallon ƙanƙara. Ƙirƙirar ƙaƙƙarfan wuri don ayyukan hunturu kamar wasan kankara, wasan hockey, da sledding. Tallafa wa nauyin ababen hawa da masu tafiya a ƙasa.
3. Wet snow
Wani nau’in dusar ƙanƙara ne wanda ke tasowa lokacin da zafin iska ya kusa daskarewa, yawanci tsakanin 25 ° F (-4°C) da 35°F (2°C). Wet snow na iya zama ƙalubale ga masu sha’awar wasanni na lokacin sanyi, saboda tana da wahala a guje-gujen dusar ƙanƙara, ko ƙanƙara ta hanyar. Duk da haka, tana da kyau wajen ƙirƙirar sassaken dusar ƙanƙara.
4. Corn snow
Nau’in dusar ƙanƙara ce da ke tasowa lokacin da jakar dusar ƙanƙara ta shiga wani tsari mai suna “cornification.” Wannan yana faruwa ne lokacin da dusar ƙanƙara ta kasance mai maimaita zagayowar narkewa da sake daskarewa, yana haifar da ƙwayar dusar ƙanƙara mai girma.
Dusar ƙanƙara nau’in corn snow galibi tana haɗuwa da yanayin bazara kuma ana samun ta yawanci a tsakiyar tsaunukan ƙasa zuwa ƙasa. Ita dai wannan nau’in dusar ƙanƙara wani yanayi ne na ɗan lokaci, domin a ƙarshe za ta narke ko kuma ta canza zuwa wani nau’in dusar ƙanƙara kamar yadda yanayi ya canza.
5. Granular snow
Wani nau’in dusar ƙanƙara ce wacce ke da ƙanƙara nau’in hatsi-hatsi, kama da sukari ko yashi. Tana tasowa lokacin da dusar ƙanƙara ta kasance mai daskarewa-narkewa da yawa, tana haifar da lu’ulu’u na dusar ƙanƙara su dunƙule su yi girma sosai. Sau da yawa ana samun granular snow a yanayin zafi a kusa da 25-35F (-4 zuwa 1°C). Ana yawan samun dusar ƙanƙara a yanayin bazara, tsakanin tsaunuka daga ƙasa zuwa ƙasa.
Muhimmancin dusar ƙanƙara
1. Tushen samun ruwa: Kwancen dusar ƙanƙara yana aiki azaman tafki na halitta, yana adana ruwa wanda a ƙarshe ya narke yana ciyar da koguna, tafkuna, da ruwan ƙasa.
2. Tsarin yanayi: Dusar ƙanƙara tana nuna hasken rana, yana taimakawa daidaita yanayin yanayin duniya da kuma tasiri yanayin yanayin duniya.
3. Taimakon Tsarin Muhalli: Dusar ƙanƙara tana ba da wurin zama da abinci ga dabbobi daban-daban, kamar penguins, bears bears, da mujiya mai dusar ƙanƙara.
4. Noma: Dusar ƙanƙara tana samar da ruwa ga amfanin gona da filayen noma.
5. Nishaɗi da Yawon shakatawa: Dusar ƙanƙara tana ba da damar wasanni na hunturu, kamar wasan tseren kankara, hawan dusar ƙanƙara, da wasan kankara, tallafawa tattalin arzikin gida.
6. Tasirin ga ƙwayar halitta da tsirrai: Dusar ƙanƙara tana aiki azaman insulator na halitta, yana kare tsirrai da ƙasa daga matsanancin yanayin sanyi.
7. Binciken Kimiyya: Dusar ƙanƙara da kankara suna ba da bayanai masu mahimmanci game da sauyin yanayi, yanayin yanayi, da tarihin duniya.
8. Muhimmancin al’adu: Dusar ƙanƙara tana da mahimmancin al’adu da ruhaniya a cikin al’ummomi da yawa, wanda ke nuna a cikin bukukuwa, al’adu, da fasaha.
9. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki: Snowmelt yana motsa samar da wutar lantarki, yana samar da makamashi mai sabuntawa.
10. Yanayin: Dusar ƙanƙara tana rinjayar yanayin yanayi, yana tasiri hazo da yanayin zafi.
Muhimmancin dusar ƙanƙara ya zarce kyawunta, tana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen daidaita yanayinmu, tattalin arzikinmu, da rayuwar yau da kullun.
Matsalolin dusar ƙanƙara
Duk da yake dusar ƙanƙara tana da fa’idodi da yawa, a hannu guda kuma tana da wasu mummunan matsalolin kamar:
1. Rushewar sufuri: Guguwar dusar ƙanƙara na iya haifar da rufe titina, soke tashi da saukar jiragen sama, da kuma cikas ga zirga-zirgar jama’a.
2. Katsewar wutar lantarki: Dusar ƙanƙara mai yawa na iya yin nauyi ga layukan wutar lantarki da kuma haifar da katsewa.
3. Lalacewar dukiya: Nauyin dusar ƙanƙara na iya ruguje rufin gidaje, da daskarewa na iya fashe bututu.
4. Tasirin tattalin arziki: Guguwar dusar ƙanƙara na iya dakatar da harkokin kasuwanci, abin da kan iya shafi tattalin arziƙi.
5. Hatsarin lafiya: Mummunan sanyi da dusar ƙanƙara kan haifar na iya janyo cutar hypothermia, sanyi, da sauran matsalolin lafiya.
6. Lalata amfanin gona: Dusar ƙanƙara da daskararrun ƙasa na iya lalata amfanin gona da hana noman yin noma.
7. Dakatar da ayyuka: Guguwar dusar ƙanƙara na iya jinkirta ayyukan gaggawa, tarin shara, da isar da saƙo.
Manazarta
Instruments, P. (2023, November 17). Agronomic Issue – SNOW: Advantages and disadvantages METOS® by Pessl Instruments.
National Snow and Ice Data Center. (n.d.). Quick facts about snow NSIDC
WWF Arctic. (2022, April 27). The importance of snow WWF Arctic.