Fankiris, (wato Pancreas a Turance). Ɗaya ce daga cikin sassan da ke aikin narkar da abinci. Pancreas wata gaɓa ce da ke cikin ciki. Tana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen mai da abincin da aka ci ya zama narkakke don ƙwayoyin halittar jiki. Wani dogon sashen jiki ce mai ɗan faɗi wadda ke maƙale ta baya daga saman tumbi, tana da tsawon da ya kai kimanin inci.
Wannan ɓangare jiki yana ɗauke da ƙwayoyin halitta biyu mabambanta da ke ba shi damar yin ayyuka biyu mabambanta; samar da ƙwayoyin halittar da ke narkar da abinci wato enzymes ke nan, da kuma beta sel, wato beta cells waɗanda su kuma alhakin samar da sinadarin insulin ya rataya a wuyansu.
Yadda fankirisi ke aiki
Fankirisi tana ayyuka biyu a jikin ɗan’adam, ragargaza abinci da kuma samar da sinadarin insulin. Kowane guda daga cikin waɗannan mabambantan ayyuka biyu na fankiris, akwai wasu ƙwayoyin halitta da suka keɓanta da shi da kuma yadda suke yin sa.
Narkar da abinci
Ta fuskacin narkar da abinci, fankiris tana samar da wasu ƙwayoyin halitta masu suna enzymes na’uka uku:
• Lifasi Lipase: wadda ruwan sinadari ne da ke aiki tare da wani ruwan sinadarin shima mai ɗaci wadda ke fitowa daga ƙoda (liver) da suke haɗuwa su ratattaka maiƙo.
• Amiles Amylase: wadda shi kuma alhakin ratattaka sinadarin kabohaidiret ya hau kansa.
• Furotis: shi kuma shi ne yake ratattaka sinadarin furotin.
Da zarar abinci ya samu shiga cikin tumbi (stomach): fankiris za ta saki waɗancan ƙwayoyin halitta bisa dacewa da nau’in abinci ta tura sinadarin zuwa cikin ƙaramin kwaroron da ya shiga babban kwaroronta. Shi kuma wannan babban kwaroro ya haɗu da kwaroron ƙoda, wadda ke da alhakin kai ruwan sinadarin can mai ɗaci zuwa cikin maɗaciya (gallbladder). Daga nan kuma sai ruwan sinadarin mai ɗaci ya tafi zuwa wani sashe na ƙaramin hanji wadda ake kira dudinom duodenum a Turance. Daga ƙarshe wannan ruwan sinadari na maɗaciya wato bile, za su haɗu da ƙwayoyin halittar can da fankiris ta saki wato enzymes su shiga cikin ƙaramin hanjin can su narkar da abincin.
Daidaita sukari
Wani sashe na fankirisi mai suna indokirin endocrine glands ne yake sakin wasu sinadarai da ake kira homons hormones waɗanda alhakin sarrafa sukarin cikin jini ya rataya a wuyansu waɗanda kuma su ne insulin da kuma gulucagon Glucagon.
Sassan fankiris
1. Kai (Head): Sashen fankiris mafi faɗi wadda ke zaune a kwalogon ƙaramin hanji.
2. Wuya (Neck): Sashen Fankiris mafi gajarta wanda ya fara daga kai.
Jiki (Body): Sashen da ke tsakanin kai da wuyan fankiris.
3. Jela (Tail): Sashen fankiris mafi siririnta, wadda ke daf da sifilin spleen.
Matsaloli
Idan fankiris ta samu matsala, to jiki kan samu cututtukan da suka haɗa da:
• Ciwon sukari nau’in farko: Wannan kan faru idan fankiris ta daina samar da insulin.
• Ciwon sikari nau’i na biyu: Wannan kan faru idan fankiris tana samar da insulin amma jiki baya amfani da shi yadda ya dace.
• Yawaitar sinadarin sukarin jini (Hyperglycemia): Yakan afku idan glucagon ya yawaita a jiki.
• Ƙarancin sinadarin sukarin jini (Hypoglycemia): Yakan afku idan sinadarin insulin ya yawaita a jiki.
• Kansar Fankiri (Pancreatic cancer): Cuta ce da ƙwayoyin halitta masu suna Cancerous cells ke haifarwa, wadda kuma ke da wahalar ganowa da kuma magani.
• Fankiriyatitis (Pancreatitis): Wani kumburi ne na pancreas, zai iya zama mai laushi ko mai tauri, yakan afku idan ƙwayoyin halittar enzymes suka fara aiki kafin shigarsu cikin ƙaramin hanjin, wadda kan haddasa ciwon tsakuwa, gallstone ko kuma yawaitar sinadarin giya alcohol. Wannan kuma ka iya zama na dogon lokaci ko kuma na ɗan lokaci ƙanƙani.
Abubuwan da ke haifar fankiriyatitis
– Gallstones
– Shan barasa
– Yawan kitse a cikin jini
– Wasu magunguna
– Cututtuka
Alamomin kumburin
– Ciwon ciki mai tsanani
– tashin zuciya da amai
– Zazzaɓi
– Saurin bugun zuciya
Rigakafin
– Guji shan barasa
– Kula da lafiyayyen abinci
– Sarrafa damuwa
– A rika yin bincike akai-akai
Magunguna
Har yanzu babu takamaiman magani don magance pancreatitis. Duk da haka akan yi amfani da wasu abubuwa da magunguna don neman sauki daga matsalar fankiriyatitis. Magungunan sun hada da:
• Nutrition: Abincin mai ƙarancin mai, ko abinci mai gina jiki.
• Enzyme supplements: Sinadarin da ke taimakawa enzyme wajen tsarin narkewar abinci, yana yin aiki sosai.
• Steroid medicine: Maganin steroid magani ne ga masu fama da ciwon fankiriyatitis mai tsanani.
• Pain relief: Maganganun rage zafi ne kamar paracetamol, ko maganin kumburi irin su ibuprofen, da magungunan kashe radadi masu karfi kamar codeine ko tramadol duk ana amfani da su don rage tsananin zafi.
• Lifestyle change: Nisantar barasa, daina shan taba, da sauye-sauyen abinci kamar nisantar kitse mai yawa tare da ƙarin bitamin.
Manazarta
Cleveland Clinic (2021). Pancreas
Jewell T. (2018). What Does the Pancreas Do? Healthline.com
Mayo Clinic. (2023, September 23). Pancreatitis – Diagnosis and treatment Mayo clinic
Medline Plus (2021). Pancreatic Diseases Mediplus
The National Pancreas Foundation (2021). Common Disorders of The Pancreas. The National Pancreas Foundation