Kwashiorkor tana ɗaya daga cikin manyan nau’ikan cutukan da ƙarancin sinadarin furotin (abinci mai gina jiki), ke haifarwa. Mutanen da ke da kwashiorkor suna da ƙarancin sinadarin furotin a jikinsu, da kuma wasu mahimman abubuwan gina jiki. Rashi ko ƙarancin furotin yana haifar da riƙe wani ruwa a cikin tissues (edema), wanda shi ne ke bambanta cutar kwashiorkor da sauran nau’ikan cututtukan ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki. Mutanen da ke da kwashiorkor na iya zama marasa ƙarfin gaɓoɓi, sukan kumbura ta hannayensu da ƙafafu, fuska da kuma ciki.
Waɗanda kwashiorkor ke shafa
Kwashiorkor ba kasafai ake samun ta a ƙasashen da suka ci gaba ba. Ana samun ta mafi yawa a ƙasashe masu tasowa, masu fama da talauci da ƙarancin abinci. Rashin tsafta da yawaitar cututtuka su ma suna taimakawa wajen wanzar da ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki.
Kwashiorkor na iya shafar kowa, amma ta fi zama ruwan dare ga yara ƙanana, musamman tsakanin shekaru 3 zuwa 5. Wannan lokaci ne da yara da yawa suka canza sheka daga shan nono zuwa abinci, wanda kuma sinadarin kuzari (carbohydrates) ya fi yawa a cikin abincin, yayin da furotin kuma ya yi ƙaranci.
Bambanci Kwashiorkor da Marasmus
Kwashiorkor da marasmus su ne manyan nau’ikan cutukan da ƙarancin daidaitaccen abinci wanda ya ƙunshi sinadaran gina jiki ke haifarwa ga jiki. Babban bambancin da ke tsakaninsu shi ne, kwashiorkor galibi rashi ne na furotin, yayin da marasmus rashi ne na dukkan nau’ikan minerals da furotin, carbohydrates da kuma sinadarin maiƙo (fats). Mutanen da ke da marasmus ba su da adadin kuzari gabaɗaya, ko dai saboda suna cin abinci kaɗan ko kuma da yawa, ko duka biyu. Mutanen da ke da kwashiorkor ƙila ba su rasa sinadarin kuzari gabaɗaya ba, sun dai rasa wadataccen furotin ne.
Alamomin kwashiorkor
1. Canza launin fata da gashi zuwa launin tsanwa da laushi
2. Gajiya
3. Gudawa
4. Rashin girma ko rage nauyi
5. Lumburi na idon sawu, ƙafafu, da ciki
6. Lalacewar tsarin riga-kafi, wanda zai iya haifar da cututtuka masu yawa da tsanani
7. Ɓacin rai
8. Ƙurajen fuska
9. Rawar jiki
Gwajin kwashiorkor
Idan ana tunanin yaro ya kamu da kwashiorkor, sai a tafi asibiti. Likita zai fara binciken hanta mai girma (hepatomegaly) da kumburi. Ana iya ba da umarnin gwajin jini da na fitsari don auna furotin da matakan sukari a cikin jini.
Za a iya yin wasu gwaje-gwaje a cikin jini da fitsari don auna alamun rashin abinci mai gina jiki da rashin furotin. Waɗannan gwaje-gwajen sun haɗa da:
– Iskar jini (arterial)
– Urea nitrogen (BUN)
– Matakin creatinine na jini
– Matakin potassium na jini
– Nazarin fitsari
– Cikakken adadin jini (CBC)
Kula da mai cutar kwashiorkor
• Ana iya daidaita Kwashiorkor ta hanyar cin ƙarin furotin da adadin kuzari gabaɗaya, musamman idan an fara magani da wuri.
• Za a iya fara ba da ƙarin adadin kuzari a cikin nau’in carbohydrates, sukari, da mai. Da zarar waɗannan adadin kuzari sun ba da kuzari, sai a ba da abinci tare da sinadarai.
• Dole ne a samar da abinci kuma ya kamata a ƙara adadin kuzari a hankali saboda kasancewa ba tare da ingantaccen abinci mai gina jiki ba na dogon lokaci.
• Likita kuma zai ba da shawarar shan bitamin da minerals na dogon lokaci a cikin abinci.
Matsaloli kwashiorkor
– Ciwon ciwon sukari
– Zafin jiki).
– Ƙarancin jini)
– Bushewar jiki sakamakon rashin ruwa
– Karya garkuwar jiki
– Ciwon hanta
– Cutukan hanji
– Jinkirin girma ga yara
– Yunwa da mutuwa.
Abin da ke kawo kwashiorkor
Karancin sinadaran furotin shi ne babbar alamar kwashiorkor, kuma yawancin masu bincike sun yi imanin cewa shi ne dalilin da ke haifar da cutar, amma ba duka ba.
Abubuwan da ke da alaƙa da kwashiorkor kai tsaye
– Nau’in abincin mai sinadarin carbohydrates.
– Rashin bitamin da minerals masu mahimmanci.
– Rashin sinadaran inganta abinci (antioxidants).
– Kwayoyin cuta da cututtuka, musamman ƙyanda, zazzaɓin cizon sauro da HIV.
– Ƙuncin rayuwa da yunwa da talauci da yaƙi da bala’o’i.
Riga-kafi kwashiorkor
1. Wayar da kai: Wasu mutanen ba su da ilimi game tsarin cin abinci ko kuma sanin nau’ikan abinci masu gina jiki, haka zalika ba su da sani game muhimmancin shayarwa ko abincin da ya dace da yara.
2. Ana iya dakile kamuwa Kwashiorkor ta hanyar tabbatar da cin isasshen adadin kuzari da abinci mai wadataccen furotin.
3. Likitocin abinci sun bayar da shawarar cewa, kashi 10 zuwa 35 na adadin kuzari na yau da kullun na manya sun fito ne daga furotin. Kashi biyar zuwa 20 na yara ƙanana da kashi 10 zuwa 30, na manyan yara da adadin kuzari na matasa ya kamata su fito daga furotin.
4. Kula da cututtuka: Yaduwar cututtuka na raunana riga-kafi matuƙa. Jikunan marasa lafiya suna buƙatar ƙarin abubuwa masu gina jiki kuma suna iya rage adadin carbohydrates ta hanyar bahaya ta yau da kullun. Cututtuka kuma suna lalata tattalin arzikin al’umma, suna haifar da talauci. Inganta tsaftar muhalli da alluran riga-kafi na iya yin tasiri mai yawa wajen daƙile yawaitar cutukan ba ke da jiɓi da ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki.
Ana iya samun furotin a cikin abinci kamar:
• Halittun ruwa
• Ƙwai
• Nama
• Wake
• Peas
Manazarta
Cdp, K. H. R. C. C. (2016, July 22). Kwashiorkor and Marasmus: What’s the difference Healthline.
DrinkDrinkAdmin. (2022, July 14). Menene kwashiorkor? DrinkDrink.
The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. (2024, July 10). LKwashiorkor | Protein Deficiency, Malnutrition & Symptoms. Encyclopedia Britannica.