Microsoft Access ko kuma MS Access a takaice, manhaja ce ta sarrafa bayanai. Kamfanin Microsoft ne ya ƙirƙire ta a watan Nuwambar shekarar 1992. Haƙiƙa wannan manhaja tana adana bayanai bisa tsarin rumbum bayanai na Jet Database. Tana da mafi sauƙin tsari da hanyoyin sarrafawa ga mutane don samun damar adana bayanai da kuma kayan aikin gina manhajojin da shafukan yanar gizo (web design).
Tana taimaka wa mutane su sarrafa bayanan da ke da alaƙa da Microsoft Excel ko wasu aikace-aikacen rumbun bayanan (database). Masu amfani da wannan manhajar za su iya bincikar adadin bayanan da aka adana a cikinta cikin sauƙi. Ba a amfani da ita don ƙirƙirar manyan rumbunan bayanai, amma galibi ana amfani da ita don ƙirƙirar ƙananan rumbunan bayanai. Domin ƙirƙirar manyan rumbunan bayanai kuwa, kamfanin Microsoft yana samar da wata ma’ajiyar bayanan wato SQL server database.
Amfanin Microsoft Access
Waɗannan su ne mahimman amfanin manhajar Microsoft Access:
- Masu ilimin na’ura mai ƙwaƙwalwa za su iya ƙirƙira tare da sarrafa bayanai cikin sauƙi ta amfani da manhajar Access.
- Manhaja ce wadda za a iya amfani da ita a makarantu don tsara jadawali.
- Kowa na iya shigar da bayanan cikin sauƙi a cikin rumbun adana bayanai na MS Access.
- Haka nan ana amfani da ita don ƙirƙirar taswirar shafukan wasu manhajojin.
- Ta hanyar amfani da MS-Access, ana iya yin ayyuka da za su riƙa maimaituwa kansu cikin sauƙi da taimakon macros.
- Ana iya samun damar bincikar bayanai cikin sauri tare da taimakon maɓallin command.
- Tana ba masu amfani da ita damar tsara shafukan yanar gizo. Haka nan masu ƙirƙirar manhajoji daban-daban suna amfani da wannan manhaja don tsara manhajojin da sauran aikace-aikace.
- Ma Access tana aiki tare da SQL Server, DB2, da kuma Oracle database. Domin waɗannan rumbun adana bayanai guda uku suna goyon bayan tsarin (ODBC) standard.
- Dukkan masu amfani da Access suna iya shigo da bayanai cikin sauƙi ko fitarwa zuwa Microsoft Word ko kuma Excel.
- Haka nan ana amfani da ita don haɗa bayanai kai tsaye waɗanda aka adana a cikin rumbunan ajiyar bayanan da ke ƙasa:
- Microsoft Excel
- Text
- Hypertext Mark-up Language (HTML)
- Outlook
- dBase
- Extensible Mark-up Language (XML)
- Paradox
- Oracle
- Microsoft SQL Server
- Postgre SQL
- MySQL.
Ɓangarorin Microsoft Access
Wadannan su ne manyan ɓangarori ko sassa bakwai, waɗanda ke a matsayin jigogin manhajar MS Access
• Tables
Shi ne babban ɓangaren wannan manhaja ta MS Access. A cikin rumbun adana bayanai na MS Access, ana amfani da tabur ne musamman don adana bayanai a cikin akwatina. Yanayi da tsarin tebura a MS Access, waɗanda a cikinsu ake saka bayanai, suna kama da na MS Excel ko MS Word.
A duk lokacin da aka ƙirƙiri sabon rumbun adana bayanai a cikin MS Access, da farko dole ne a ƙirƙiri tebur da zarar an shiga manhajar. Haka nan za a iya haɗa alaƙa tsakanin tebura.
• Queries
Queries wasu maɓallai ne (commands), waɗanda ake amfani da su don buɗe bayanai daga rumbun adana bayanai. Haka nan suna ba da damar saka bayanai a cikin rumbun MS Access.
• Forms
Shi ma forms ɓangare ne na manhajar MS Access, wanda ke taimaka wa masu amfani da manhajar wajen shigar da bayanai a cikin tebur na kowace rumbun adana bayanai da aka ƙirkira ta hanyar amfani da shafin form. Haka nan za a iya amfani da form wajen buɗe bayanan da ke cikin database.
• Reports
Lokacin da aka shigar da bayanai a cikin ma’ajin bayanai, to za a iya duba bayanan cikin sauƙi ta hanyar amfani da maɓallin report. Sai dai shi reports ba kamar forms ba ne, babu damar cire wani abu ko ƙarawa.
• Macros
Ana amfani da macros don yin ayyukan da za su riƙa maimaituwa a kan report da form a cikin MS Access. Haka kuma macros na ba da damar ƙara wasu abubuwan a forms da control da kuma reports.
• Modules
Ana amfani da maɓallin modules don aiwatar da ayyuka na yau da kullum da ƙayyadaddun ayyukan da mutum zai iya tsarawa, waɗanda ake rubutawa a cikin VBA. Ana iya amfani da waɗannan modules cikin sauƙi a ko’ina a cikin MS Access.
Bambanci tsakanin MS Excel da MS Access
MS Access da MS Excel dukkansu manhajojin kamfanin Microsoft ne da ake amfani da su don sarrafawa da tantance bayanai. Amma duk da haka akwai wasu bambance-bambance a tsakaninsu, ga wasu daga ciki:
| Microsoft Access | Microsoft Excel |
| 1. Ana kiran ta da Relational Database Management System (RDMS) wadda ke adanawa da sarrafa bayanai cikin sauki. | 1. Manhaja ce, wadda ake aiwatar da lissafi, kuma tana nuna bayanai ta amfani da alamomi. |
| 2. Tana taimaka wa masu amfani da ita su adana tare da sarrafa bayanai a cikin rumbun adana bayanai. | 2. Tana taimaka wa masu amfani da ita wajen tsara kasafin kuɗi da ƙididdiga. |
| 3. An gina ta ne don adana bayanai, don haka tana adana adadi mai yawa fiye da MS Excel. | 3. Tana adana bayanai ƙalilan idan aka kwatanta da MS Access. |
| 4. Wannan software ta ƙunshi tables, forms, queries, reports, modules da macros. | 4. Ta ƙunshi spreadsheets, waɗanda suke kama da littafin rubutu mai gida-gida. |
| 5. Ta fi rikitarwa, kuma tana da wahalar koyo. | 5. Microsoft Excel tana da sauƙi fahimta da sauƙin koyo. |
Amfanin MS-Access
- Babbar fa’idar MS Access shi ne, tana da sauƙin fahimta.
- Ta fi shahara saboda tana ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun ma’ajin bayanai.
- Yanayin da aka gina manhajar ya kasance mai kyawun tsari don haka tana da sauƙin amfani.
- Akwai damar shigo da bayanai cikin sauƙi a cikin rumbun adana bayanai na MS Access daga wasu manhajojin daban-daban.
Matsalolin MS-Access
- Babbar matsalar manhajar ita ce, tana da iyaka a girmanta. Ana amfani da ita don ɓangare guda ɗaya kawai.
- Babu wannan manhaja a yanar gizo, sai dai a sauke ta a cikin na’urar kwamfuta sannan a yi amfani da ita.
Kamanceceniya tsakanin MS Access da Excel
- Dukkaninsu suna ƙunshi spreadsheets, waɗanda ke ba da damar adanawa, tsarawa da sarrafa bayanai.
- Dukkan manhajojin yawanci suna ba da muhimman abubuwa iri ɗaya.
- Dukkansu suna taimakawa wajen tattarawa da rarraba bayanai. Ana amfani da su don lissafi.
- Za a iya saka rubutun hyperlinks a cikin biyu.
- Dukkansu sun kasance wani ɓangare na kundin Microsoft Office suite.
Manazarta
Alisa. (2023, May 18). Microsoft Access vs Microsoft Excel – Differences. MiniTool.
Microsoft Support. (n.d.) Learn the structure of an Access database. Microsoft.com
Opengatesw(n.d.) What is Microsoft Access Used For? A Brief Introduction to MS Access Databases.opengatesw.net