Zaynab Alkali

Farfesa Zaynab Alkali ta fito ne daga jahar Borno, kuma ita ce mace marubuciya ta farko daga Arewacin Nijeriya da ta fara samun shahara a duniya baki ɗaya. Matan arewacin Nijeriya da yawa sun yi rubutu,  amma sunan Zaynab Alkali ne ya fi shahara a cikinsu gaba ɗaya, wannan kuwa ya faru ne sakamakon da Turanci ta yi rubutun.

Alkali ta kasance marubuciyar zube ce, tana rubutun waƙoƙi da gajerun labarai, sannan kuma babbar lakcara ce kuma jagorar ilimi. Zaynab na jin harsuna da dama, ciki har da Turanci, Hausa da Pidgin.

Haihuwarta

An haifi Zaynab Alkali ne a ranar 3 ga watan Fabarairu a cikin garin Tura-Wazila da ke jahar Borno a shekarar 1950.

Tasowarta da karatunta

A lokacin da take ƙarama, iyayenta suka tashi daga cikin garin da aka haife ta na Tura-Mazila suka koma wani ƙauye a Gongola da mazaunansa duk mabiya addinin kirista ne. A wannan ƙauye ne Zaynab ta taso har zuwa girmanta.

Zaynab Alkali ta fara karatunta ne a Waka Girls Boarding (Primary) School, da ke Biu, sannan ta yi karatunta na sakandire a makarantar Queen Elizabet da ke jihar Illori. Sannan ta tafi zuwa Jami’ar Ahmadu Bello da ke Zaria, inda ta samu digirinta na farko da na biyu. Daga baya ta koma Jami’ar Bayero da ke jihar Kano a shekarar 1973 inda ta karanta harshen Turanci har ta kai ga ta samu digiri na uku wato matakin Dakta.

Ƙoƙarin Zaynab a harkar ilimi ne ya sa har ta zamo shugabar makarantar mata ta Sakera Girls boarding school. Daga baya kuma ta zamo shugabar tsangayar ilimi a ɗaya daga tsangayoyin jami’ar Nasarawa State University da ke Keffi, inda ta ke koyar da Ilimin rubutu.

Aure da tara zuri’a

Zaynab ta auri tsohon shugaban jami’ar Maiduguri Mohammed Nur Alkali kuma suna da ‘ya’ya shida tare da jikoki.

Ayyukanta

Zainab Alkali ta shahara a rubuce-rubucen gajerun ƙagaggun labarai, littafinta na farko da ta wallafa ya shahara, shi ne littafinta ‘The Stillborn’ a shekara ta 1984, sannan sai littafinta na biyu ‘Virtuous woman’ wanda kamfanin Longman suka wallafa a shekara ta 1987. Zaynab Alkali ta kasance marubuciya mai hazaƙa da ƙwazo wajen iya tsara labari mai ma’ana, ta kuma ta wallafa littafai da dama, kuma littattafanta sun kasance an fassara su zuwa yaruka daban-daban kamar Jamusanci, Larabci, Faransanci, Sifaniyanci da dai sauran su. Tana daga cikin mata marubuta na farko a Arewacin Najeriya.

A littafin ‘The Stillborn’,  Zaynab Alkali ta bayyana wata irin tafiya ce ta rayuwar wata ‘yar Nijeriya a yayin da take ƙoƙarin ganin ta rayu tare da fuskantar ƙalubalen zafafan al’adun da ke kewaye da ita.

Littattafanta

• The Stillborn, Lagos: Longman (Drumbeats), 1984, ISBN 978-0-582-78600-4
• The Virtuous Woman, Longman Nigeria, 1987, ISBN 978-978-139-589-5
• Cobwebs & Other Stories, Lagos: Malthouse Press, 1997, ISBN 978-978-0230296.
• The Descendants, Tamaza, 2005, ISBN 978-978-2104-73-1
• The Initiates, 2007, ISBN 978-978-029-767-1.
• Invisible Borders 2016

Wanda ta gyara

• Vultures in the Air: Voices from Northern Nigeria, Ibadan-Kaduna-Lagos: Spectrum Books, 1995, ISBN 978-978-2462-60-2

Nssarori

Ƙoƙarin Zaynab Alkali a fannonin ilimi da rubutu ya sa ta samu ɗaukaka da lambobin yabo masu tarin yawa. Lambobin yabon da ta samu daga manya zuwa ƙanana sun haura guda arba’in.

Nasarar farko da Zaynab Alkali ta fara samu a rayuwarta shi ne aikin da jami’ar Maiduguri ta ɗauke ta wanda ta yi shekaru ashirin da biyu tana yi kafin ta shiga Civil Service inda ta zamo mataimakiyar daraktan NPHCDA, da ke Abuja a shekara ta 2000. Shekaru huɗu bayan riƙe wannan matsayi, sai ta koma jami’ar Nasarawa da ke Keffi a matsayin cikakkiyar farfesar harshen Turanci. Daga baya ta zamo shugabar tsangayar ilimin harsuna da zamantakewa na Jami’ar baki ɗaya.

Zaynab Alkali ta riƙe muƙamin shugabar Zayba Educational Resources Development, da ke Keffi, Capital Science Academy, da ke Kuje-Abuja da kuma National Library of Nigeria (NLN) da ke Abuja. Ta kuma riƙe wasu muƙaman da dama.

A shekarar 2000, gwamnatin tsohon shugaban ƙasa Olusegun Obasanjo ta karrama Zaynab Alkali da lambar yabo na ‘Icon of Hope’, ta kuma samu lambar yabo na ‘Nigerian Woman of Distinction Award’ a ranar 29 ga Satumbar 2010 a lokacin bikin cikar Nijeriya shekaru 50 da samun ‘yanci daga hannun tsohon shugaban ƙasa Goodluck Jonathan. Har’ilayau kuma, tsohon gwamnan Adamawa, Murtala Nyako, ya ba ta lambar girmamawa ta ‘Woman of Substance Merit Award’ a ranar 2 ga watan Oktoba 2011. An kuma ba ta lambar yabo ta ‘Lifetime Achievement Award’ bisa gudummurmwarta ga ci gaban adabi a Nijeriya, tsohon gwamnan Kaduna Nasir El-Rufai ne ya ba ta wannan lambar yabo a lokacin bikin Kaduna Book and Arts Festival (KABAFEST) a ranar 5 ga watan Satumba 2018.

Daga cikin litattafan da ta rubuta, uku sun samu lambobin yabo.  The Stillborn ya lashe lambar yabo ta ANA inda ya zo a matakin farko wato ‘Best novel of the year’. The Virtuous Woman kuma ya lashe kyautar Spectrum Award na shekarar 1978–2002. Yayin da Cobwebs & Other Stories shi ma ya samu lambar yabo ta ANA.

Kammalawa

Zaynab Alkali ta sanu a ko’ina daga sassan Nijeriya a matsayin macen farko ‘yar arewa da ta shahara a fannin rubutu. Bayan rubuce-rubuce, Zaynab Alkali memba ce a ƙungiyar marubutan Nijeriya. Tsohuwar shugabar ANA ce ta reshen jihar Borno. Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar lakcara a jami’ar Bayero, Kano.

Kasantuwarta mai ba wa ilimi muhimmanci, Zaynab ita ce shugabar Zyba Model Nursery and Primary School, da ke Keffi. Zaynab ta kasance babbar misalin abinda aiki tuƙuru tare da maida hankali kan iya maida mutum. Sannan ta kasance madubin dubawar da mata, musamman a arewacin Nijeriya suke kallo domin kwaikwayo.

Manazarta

Margaret Busby, Daughters of Africa, London: Cape, 1992, p. 782

Professor Henry Louis Gates, Jr.; Professor Emmanuel Akyeampong; Steven J. Niven (2 February 2012). Dictionary of African Biography. OUP USA. pp. 177–178. ISBN 978-0-19-538207-5.

Dearborn Financial Publishing, 1988; London: Longman, 1989;

Addison-Wesley Publishers, 1990; Longman International Education. 1995

Alkali, Zaynab (1987). The virtuous woman. Ikeja, Nigeria: Longman Nigeria. ISBN 9789781395895. OCLC 610411707.