Talabijin ita ce na’urar kallon hoton bidiyo da jin sautin murya. Wato a iya kiran talabijin da rediyo mai hoto, kasancewar ana iya gani da sauraren mutun yayin da yake magana.
Ita dai wannan na’ura ta talabijin an samar da ita ne a shekarar 1927. A wancan lokacin, fasahar Talabijin na ɗauke da launin fari da baƙi ne kawai kafin daga baya aka yi mai kala. Shekarar 1997 kamfanin Fujitsu ya samar da talabijin nau’in Plasma, wacce ta sha bamban wajen siffa da kuma inganci. A halin yanzu an samar da nau’ikan talabijin na LCD da kuma OLED, waɗannan nau’ika duka masu shafaffen fuska ce kuma sun sha banbam da nau’ikan baya.
Ƙirƙira
Ƙirƙirar talabijin wani dogon aiki ne da ya haɗa yunƙurin mutane masu tarin yawa bisa gudummurmwarsu. Waɗannan mutane kuwa sun haɗa da masana kimiyya, injiniyoyi da dai sauransu. Ga wasu daga cikin su:
– Paul Nipkow: shi ne ya fara ƙirƙiro tsarin tura hotuna ta wayoyi ta hanyar fayafayai masu juyi a shekarar 1884.
– Alexander Graham Bell: Shi ne ya fara hasashen yiwuwar samuwar wata na’ura mai kama da wayar tafi-da-gidanka da za ta iya aika hoto da sauti a haɗe.
– Thomas Edison: Shi ma ya ƙarfafa hasashen Alexander Graham Bell.
– Boris Rosing: ya yi aiki sosai wajen inganta aikin Paul Nipkow ta hanyar sauya faya-fayai masu juyi da cathode ray tubes.
– Vladimir Zworykin: shi ne ya ƙirƙiro “Iconoscope,” wacce ke amfani d cathode ray tubes wajen aika saƙonni.
– John Baird: shi ne ya fara ba wa duniya damar ganin wani samfur na talabijin a gaban masana kimiyya wurin mutum hamsin a birnin Landan a shekarar 1927.
– Philo Farnsworth: shi ne ya ƙirƙiri zubin farko na talabijin mai amfani da wutar lantarki.
Rabe-rabe
Ga wasu daga cikin rabe-raben talabijin ɗin da ake da su:
- LED/LCD (Liquid Crystal Display/Light Emitting Diodes.)
- OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode)
- Smart
- 4K/UHD (Heads-up display)
Mutane da dama na amfani da wannan na’ura wajen biyan buƙatunsu na yau da kullum. Akwai tashoshin gidajen talabijin masu tarin yawa, wasu mafi shahara daga cikinsu sun haɗa da BBC, Al Jazeera, CNN, DW, NTA, MBC, AREWA 24 Channels da dai sauransu.
Amfanin talabijin
Haƙiƙa talabijin yana da amfani mai yawa a wurin al’umma, ga kaɗan daga ciki.
1. Kallon talabijin yana wayar da kai tare da ilmantar da masu kallo game da abubuwan da suka shafi tsafta, lafiya da saurabdu
2. Talabijin wata hanya ce ta samun nishaɗi da hutu a sauƙaƙe.
3. Shirye-shiryen labarai na samar wa da masu kallo labaran abubuwan da ke faruwa cikin lokaci.
4. Shirye-shiryen tarihi da na al’adu na haɓaka ilimin masu kallo tare da fahimtar da su abubuwa masu yawa game da kimiyya, fasaha, lafiya tare da bunƙasa al’adu.
5. Talabijin na taimaka sosai wurin haɗa kan jama’a tare da wanzar da zaman lafiya.
6. Talabijin na taimakawa sosai wajen koyon harshe ta hanyar shirye-shiryen da suka shafi wannan ɓangaren tare da abubuwa masu ɗimbin yawa
7. Talabijin na ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin da hukumomin gwamnatin ke amfani da su wajen jawo hankalin mutane game da abubuwan da suka shafi tsaro ko ɓullar wata cuta domin tsaron lafiyarsu.
8. Ana amfani da talabijin wajen taimakawa masu cutar ƙwaƙwalwa, damuwa da kuma hawan jini wajen samun sauƙin halin da suke ciki.
9. Canji mai nagarta na samuwa a tsakanin mutane ta hanyar wayar da kan jama’a game da abubuwa masu tsaurin fahimta ta hanyar nuni da fahimtarwa.
10. Talabijin na taimakawa yara da matasa ta hanyar nuna musu irin abubuwan da takwarorinsu na wasu ƙasashe ke yi wanda hakan ƙarfafa musu gwiwa wajen ganin sun cimma nasu burikan.
Matsalolin talabijin
Kamar yadda na’urar talabijin ke da amfani, haka kuma tana da matsaloli a tattare da ita. Ga wasu daga cikin matsalolin talebijin:
1. Yara ƙanana da basu haura shekara biya ba na iya samun mummunan haɗari yayin da talebijin ya faɗo musu saboda nauyinsa.
2. Yana iya zamowa mutum jaraba ta yadda zai ke tafiyar da lokacinsa duka a wurin kallace-kallace wanda h
3. Ana koyon ta’addanci ta hanyar ganin misali a talebijin.
4. Kallon kayan ƙawa da na alatu masu burgewa na iya sa mutum ya zamo mai dogon buri a rayuwa wanda ba lallai ya cika ba.
5. Yawan zama ana kallon talabijin na iya haifarwa da mai yi cututtuka masu alaƙa da zama wuri ɗaya kamar ƙiba da sauransu.
6. A wani rubutu da ya fita cikin The Journal of Human Resources na 2017, an gano cewa ɗaliban da suke yawan kallon talabijin hakan na rage musu kaifin fikira da basirarsu, musamman a tsakanin ɗalibai maza.
7. Yawaita kallon talabijin kafin kwanciyar bacci na iya kawo tangarɗa wurin samun isasshen bacci.
8. Yawan zama ana kallon talabijin yana jawo lalaci da rashin ƙwarewa a harkokin yau da kullum, sannan kuma yana rage zumunci ta hanyar datse mu’amala jama’a.
9. Yawan kallon talabijin na iya sa mutum ya ɗauki sabbin ɗabi’u, ra’ayi ko wata aƙida wadda ba ta dace da shi ba kamar nuna ƙyama ko kyara ga wasu gungun mutane.
10. Kallon tallace-tallace na abubuwan ƙawa a gidajen talabijin ka iya sa mutum siyar abinda bai shirya ba wanda hakan naƙasu ne ga tanadi.
Wasu Muhimman abubuwa game da talabijin
1. Watsa labarai na farko da aka fara yi a talabijin ya faru ne a ranar 26 ga watan Janairu, 1926, John Logie Baird ne ya watsa labaran.
2. An fara fitar da talabijin mai kala ne a cikin shekarun 1950s, watsa labari na farko a talabijin mai kala ya faru ne a ranar 25 ga watan Yuni, 1951.
3. Talabijin na farko-farko da aka ƙirƙira basu da faɗi sosai, yawanci ba sa wuce inci 12. Amma wasu samfurin talabijin ɗin a yau har masu inci 80 ana samu da ma na sama da su.
4. A da, yawancin talabijin suna da sautin mono sound ne kawai, a shekarun 1980 ne aka ƙirƙiro sautin stereo. Talabijin ɗin da ake ƙerawa yanzu kuwa suna da sautuka masu yawa da inganci a tattare da su.
5. A shekarar 1956 ne aka fara ƙirƙiro remote ɗin talabijin.
6. A shekarun 1960 aka ƙirƙiro satellite television.
Kammalawa
A wani ƙiyasi da aka yi, An gano cewa kimanin kaso 89% na gidajen dake duniya akwai talabijin a cikinsu. Har’ilayau kuma, ƙiyasin ya nuna cewa kashi 67% na mutanen duniya na kallon talabijin. Babu tantama cewa fasahar talabijin ta taimaka matuƙa wajen bunƙasa fannin sadarwa a duniya ta fuskokin da ba za su ƙirgu ba.
Manazarta
Contributors to Wikimedia projects. (2023a, February 26). Talabijin . Wikipedia.
Contributors to Wikimedia projects. (2022, December 30). Hukumar Talabijin ta Najeriya.. Wikipedia.
Pruitt, S., & Pruitt, S. (2024, March 12). Who invented television?Who invented television? HISTORY.
Sadik, B., & Sadik, B. (2022, February 4). Mahimman Fasahohin da Suka Sauya Duniya Cikin Shekaru 175 Da Suka Gabata (1) Taskar Baban Sadik.
Sadik, B., & Sadik, B. (2018a, August 1). Nau’ukan Fasahar Sadarwa a Intanet (3). Taskar Baban Sadik.
Wikipedia contributors. (2024, June 1). Television Wikipedia.