Robot (Saƙago/Mutum-mutumi)
Saƙago kalmar saƙago abu ne dake a buɗe ko kuma mu ce sannanen abu ne wanda duniya ta gama yarda cewa wani abu ne ba mai rai ba wanda zai iya yin wasu abubuwa da mutane masu rai suke yi.
Robot “Saƙago” da harshen Hausa dai mutum-mutumi inji ne wanda zai iya motsawa kuma ya yi wasu ayyuka, ba tare da ginshira ko kuma yin wani abu da zai nuna gajiyawar sa ba a wasu lokutan kamar ɗan’adam. Yawancin saƙago mutane na iya sarrafa su kai tsaye. Wataƙila an tsara su don su yi kama da mutane, a cikin yanayin hallayen su na iya ba da shawarar hankali ko tunani.
Mutum-mutumi inji ba su da takamaiman aiki, ma’ana ba su da matsaya, domin suna tafiya ne kan turbar da aka ɗora su. Kuma ba koyaushe suke zama kamar mutane ba. Suna iya zuwa ta siffofi da yawa. Kuma ayyukansu kan iya bambanta domin suna tafiya ne a kan asalin abin da aka gina su a kai. Misali idan aka gina saƙago kan amfanin karatu to anan kaɗai zai yi amfaninsa ba zai yi amfani akan yin wani motsi na daban ba sai da idan an sauya tsarinsa akan hakan ta fuskar gudanar da almara, duk da haka, mutum-mutumin galibi suna kama da mutane, kuma suna da rayukansu.
Akwai littattafai da yawa, fina-finai, da wasannin bidiyo tare da mutum-mutumi a cikinsu. Ishaku Asimov’s I, Robot, shi ne mafi shahara. Akwai kuma misalin Sophia Saƙaguwa mai jawabi kuma mai zane ƴar ƙasar Saudiyya, ita ce saƙago ta farko da ta fara samun shaidar zama ‘yar wata ƙasa.
Ire-iren saƙago
1-Humanoid Robots: Saƙagon da zai yi motsi da kuma ɗabi’u irin na mutane tamkar ɗan’adam.
2-Industrial Robots: Shi kuma saƙago ne da motsinsa da komai na sa ya ta’allaka ne a wurin gudanar da ayyuka.
3-Medical Robots: Shi kuma wannan saƙagon amfaninsa a wurin gudanar da abin da ya danganci lafiya ne domin a kan hakan aka tsara aikinsa.
4-Service Robots: Shi wannan saƙagon ya kan kasance tamkar ‘yar tsana, sai yadda aka sarrafa shi akan yi amfani da shi wurin gudanar da ayyukan gida, otel da kuma sauran ayyuka. Bayan waɗanan akwai ire-iren saƙago da dama da suka haɗa da:
– Social Robots
– Educational Robots
– Rescue Robots
– Agricultural Robots
– Exoskeletons
– Aquatic Robots
– Military Robots
– Nanorobots
– Cobots
– Space Robots
Muhimmancin Mutum-mutumi
Masana da kuma gidan jaridu da dama sun yi bayani game da amfanin saƙago a gudanarwar al’amura na yau da kullam. Kamar yadda wani bayani da jaridar aminiya ta wallaha a shafinta ya nuna kamar haka:
1- Saukaka aiki
Amfani da saƙago na kawo sauƙaƙawar ayyuka sosai, domin saƙago zai yi aikin da mutane ɗari za su iya yin sa. Kuma cikin ƙankanen lokaci ba tare da ɓata lokaci ba.
2- Biyayya
Saƙago yana gudanar da ayyukansa ne kan gundarin biyayya da kuma abin da aka ɗora shi a kai.
Matsalolin saƙago
Babbar matsalar saƙago ita ce tsayawa wuri ɗaya. Saƙago zai gudanar da aikinsa ne iya wurin da aka umarce shi, saɓanin ɗan’adam da yana yin aiki cikin lura. Idan mun fahimta ke nan saƙago zai iya haifar da matsala yayin gudanar da aikinsa.
Bambancin saƙago da kuma ɗan’adam
1- Physical characteristics: (Hallaya ta zahiri): Ɗan’adam hallitar Allah ne da yake da hallaya ta zahiri da baɗini saɓanin saƙago da ɗan’adam ne ya hallice shi ya kuma gindaya masa wasu hallaye masu kama da na ɗan’adam.
2- Intelligence (Basira): Kowa ne ɗan’adam da basirar da Ubangiji ya hallice shi da ita, wani an ba shi baiwa sama da ɗaya ko biyu ko uku wani kuma komai ya nufa zai yi zai yi ba tare da taimakon wani ba. Saɓanin saƙago da akan ƙirƙireshi ne kan ɗabi’a guda. Saƙago ba shi da basira kuma ba shi da baiwa.
3- Emotional Capabilities: Wata dama ce da ɗan’adam ke tantance farinciki ko baƙinciki ko kuma motsin wani abu tare da shi. Hakan kan gamsar da shi a matsayinsa na ɗan’adam saɓanin saƙago da bai san waɗanan abubuwan ba a tare da shi.
4- Creativity and Imagination (Fasahar Ƙirƙira): Ɗan’adam na da fasahar ƙirƙira ta yadda zai sarrafa wani abu daga wani abu saɓanin saƙago. Misali a cikin ma’aikata yayin gudanar da wasu ayyuka ɗan’adam zai iya kawo wata shawara kan wani abu da ake gudanarwa domin cigan kamfani ko kuma wasu a cikin ma’aikata saɓanin saƙago.
Dokokin saƙago
Marubuci Isaac Asimov ya ba da labarai da yawa game da mutum-mutumin da ke da dokoki uku na mutum-mutumi don kiyaye lafiyar mutane daga gare su.
1- Roba ba zai iya cutar da ɗan’adam ba ko kuma, ta hanyar rashin aiki, ƙyale ɗan’adam ya zo ya cutar da shi.
2- Dole ne mutum-mutumi ya yi biyayya ga umarnin da ɗan’adam ya ba shi, sai dai inda irin wannan umarnin zai saɓawa dokar farko.
3- Dole ne mutum-mutumi ya kiyaye wanzuwar sa matuƙar dai irin wannan kariyar ba ta yi karo da ta farko ko ta biyu ba.
Ba a amfani da waɗannan a rayuwa ta ainihi lokacin da ya ƙirƙira su. Ko yaya, a cikin duniyar yau mutum-mutumi ya fi rikitarwa, kuma wata rana ana iya buƙatar ƙa’idoji na ainihi, kamar na dokoki uku na Isaac Asimov.
Manazarta
Kota, S. (2024, February 20). Flexible, Bio-Inspired machines are the future of engineering. Scientific American.
Mustapha, O. (2018, May 26). Dan sanda mutum-mutumi zai rika aikin tsaro a Dubai. Aminiya.
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